Abstract
It has long been realized that chromosome mutations, whatever their mode of induction, usually have consequences for the fertility of their carrier. In fact, this characteristic is used in mutagenicity tests, such as the heritable translocation assay, to establish the frequency of this genetic endpoint. There are two possible reasons for a reduction in fertility accompanying chromosome mutations. First, the production of gametes can be interrupted somewhere in the spermatogenesis or oogenesis process. A reduction of the number of stem cell spermatogonia or primary oocytes can be anticipated. This point has received little experimental attention, however. The second reason is that the chromosome mutation through the course of the meiotic divisions, gives rise to genetically unbalanced gametes, which usually function properly but lead to embryonic and/or fetal death. It will be apparent in what follows that in situations where genetically unbalanced gametes are produced through chromosome mutation there can be an increased frequency of germ cell death throughout the various stages of spermatogenesis. In addition, the initial number of stem cell spermatogonia or primary oocytes may be reduced. In this chapter the effect of numerical chromosome aberrations of the sex chromosomes on gametogeneris and gamete quality are discussed first.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
R. J. Andina, A study of X chromosome regulation during oogenesis in the mouse, Exp. Cell Res. 111, 211–218 (1978).
T. Ashley, Application of the spreading technique to structural heterozygotes, in: Chromosomes Today (M. D. Bennett, A. Gropp, and U. Wolf eds.), Vol. 8, pp. 80–89, Allen and Unwin, London (1984).
T. Ashley, L. B. Russell, and N. L. A. Cacheiro, Synaptonemal complex analysis of X-7 translocations in male mice I. R3 and R5 quadrivalents, Chromosoma (Berl.) 87, 149–164 (1982).
T. Ashley, L. B. Russell, and N. L. A. Cacheiro, Synaptonemal complex analysis of X-7 translocations in male mice: R2 and R6 quadrivalents, Chromosoma (Berl.) 88, 171–177 (1983).
C. V. Beechey, X-Y chromosome dissociation and sterility in the mouse, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 12, 60–67 (1973).
C. V. Beechey, Private communication, Mouse News Letter 63, 14 (1980).
C. V. Beechey and P. de Boer, Private communication, Mouse News Letter 54, 53 (1976).
C. V. Beechey and A. G. Searle, Private communication, Mouse News Letter 62, 50 (1980)
C. V. Beechey and R. M. Speed, Private communication, Mouse News Letter 64, 56 (1981).
C. V. Beechey, M. Kirk, and A. G. Searle, A reciprocal translocation induced in an oocyte and affecting fertility in male mice, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 21, 129–146 (1980).
P. S. Burgoyne and T. G. Baker, Oocyte depletion in XO mice and their XX sibs from 12 to 200 days post partumj. Reprod. Fertil. 61, 207–212 (1981).
P. S. Burgoyne and T. G. Baker, The XO ovary—development and function, in: Development and Function of Reproductive Organs (Proceedings of the Vth Workshop on the Development and Function of the Reproductive Organs) (A. G. Byskov and H. Peters, eds.), pp. 122–128, Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam (1981).
P. S. Burgoyne and F. G. Biddle, Spermatocyte loss in XYY mice: Addendum to Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 23, 84–89, Cyotogenet. Cell Genet. 28, 143–144 (1980).
P. S. Burgoyne and J. D. Biggers, The consequences of X-dosage deficiency in the germ line: Impaired development in vitro of preimplantation embryos from XO mice, Dev. Biol. 51, 109–117 (1976).
P. S. Burgoyne, P. P. L. Tam, and E. P. Evans, Retarded development of XO conceptuses during early pregnancy in the mouse, J. Reprod. Fertil. 68, 387–393 (1983).
N. L. A. Cacheiro, Private communication, Mouse News Letter 56, 55 (1977).
N. L. A. Cacheiro, L. B. Russell, and M. S. Swartout, Translocations, the predominant cause of total sterility in sons of mice treated with mutagens, Genetics 76, 73–91 (1974).
T. C. Carter, M. F. Lyon, and R. J. S. Phillips, Gene-tagged chromosome translo-cations in eleven stocks of mice, J. Genet. 53, 154–166 (1955).
T. C. Carter, M. F. Lyon, and R. J. S. Phillips, Further genetic studies of eleven translocations in the mouse, J. Genet. 54, 462–473 (1956).
B. M. Cattanach, Sex reversal in the mouse and other mammals, in; The Early Development of Mammals (M. Balls and A. E. Wild, eds.), pp. 305–317, Cambridge University Press (1975).
B. M. Cattanach, I. Murray, and J. M. Tracey, Private communication, Mouse News Letter 54, 37–38 (1976).
B. M. Cattanach, Crossover suppression in mice heterozygous for tobacco mouse metacentrics, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 20, 264–281 (1978).
B. M. Cattanach and J. Barlow, Private communication, Mouse News Letter 61, 18 (1982).
B. M. Cattanach and H. Moseley, Non-disjunction and reduced fertility caused by the tobacco mouse metacentric chromosomes, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 12, 264–287 (1973).
B. M. Cattanach, I. Murray, and T. R. L. Bigger, Private communication, Mouse News Letter 56, 37–38 (1977).
B. M. Cattanach, A. J. M. Crocker, and C. Jones, Private communication, Mouse News Letter, 63, 15 (1980).
A. C. Chandley, The chromosomal basis of human infertility, Br. Med. Bull. 35, 181–186 (1979).
A. C. Chandley, The origin of chromosomal aberrations in man and their potential for survival and reproduction in the adult human population, Ann. Genet. 24, 5–11 (1981).
A. C. Chandley, A pachytene analysis of two male-fertile paracentric inversions in chromosome 1 of the mouse and in the male-sterile double heterozygote, Chromosoma (Berl.) 85, 127–135 (1982).
A. J. M. Crocker, Mutation Studies in Mice Carrying Robertsonian Translocation, Ph.D. Thesis, Council for National Academic Awards (1982).
A. J. M. Crocker and B. M. Cattanach, X-Ray induction of translocations in mice carrying metacentrics (Robertsonian fusions); detection of whole arm chromosome exchanges, Mutat. Res. 91, 353–357 (1981).
M. T. Davisson, P. A. Poorman, T. H. Roderick, and M. J. Moser, A pericentric inversion in the mouse. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 30, 70–76 (1981).
P. de Boer, Male meiotic behaviour and male and female litter size in mice with the T(2;8)26H and T(1;13)70H reciprocal translocations, Genet. Res.(Camh.) 27, 369–387 (1976).
P. de Boer, Proximal chiasma localization within an interstitial chromosome segment, a likely correlate of adjacent 2 segregation of translocation caused multivalents in the mouse, Environ. Health Perspect. 31, 137–140 (1979).
P. de Boer and M. E. A. B. van Beek, Meiosis of T70H translocation trisomic male mice. I. Meiotic configuration and segregation, Chromosoma (Berl.) 87, 303–313 (1982).
P. de Boer and H. E. B. Branje, Association of the extra chromosome of tertiary trisomic male mice with the sex chromosomes during first meiotic prophase, and its significance for impairment of spermatogenesis, Chromosoma (Berl.) 73, 369–379 (1979).
P. de Boer and P. H. M. D. de Maar, A histological study of embryonic death caused by heterozygosity for the T26H reciprocal mouse translocation, J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 35, 595–606 (1976).
P. de Boer and J. H. Nijhoff, Incomplete sex chromosome pairing in oligospermic male hybrids of Mus musculus and M. musculus molossinus in relation to the source of the Y chromosome and the presence or absence of a reciprocal translocation, J. Reprod. Fertil. 62, 235–243 (1981).
P. de Boer and A. G. Searle, Summary and synthesis, Workshop on chromosomal aspects of male sterility in mammals, J. Reprod. Fertil. 60, 257–265 (1980).
P. de Boer and R. M. Speed, Meiosis of T70H translocation trisomic male mice. II. Meiotic rate, spermatocyte interactions and fertility, Chromosoma (Berl.) 87, 315–325 (1982).
P. de Boer, F. A. van der Hoeven, and J. A. P. Chardon, The production, morphology, karyotypes and transport of spermatozoa from tertiary trisomic mice and the consequences for egg fertilization, J. Reprod. Fertil. 48, 249–256 (1976).
P. de Boer, A. G. Searle, F. A. van der Hoeven, and C. V. Beechey, Spermatocyte meiotic pairing of the T(5;12)31H, T(6;12)32H, T(11;19)42H male-sterile and the T(1;13)70H male-fertile reciprocal translocations in the mouse using silver staining of synaptonemal complexes, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 27, 202–203 (1980).
D. G. de Rooij, Spermatogenesis in mice heterozygous for a male-sterile translocation (T31H, T32H, T40H or T42H), Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 27, 210–211 (1981).
E. M. Eicher, X-Autosome translocations in the mouse: Total inactivation versus partial inactivation of the X chromosome, Adv. Genet. 15, 175–259 (1970).
E. M. Eicher, Translocation trisomic mice: Production by female but not male translocation carriers, Science 180, 81 (1973).
E. M. Eicher, Primary sex determining genes, in: Prospects for Sexing Mammalian Sperm ( R. P. Amann and G. E. Seidel, eds.), pp. 121–135, Colorado Associated University Press, Boulder, Colorado (1982).
E. M. Eicher and M. C. Green, The T6 translocation in the mouse: Its use in trisomy mapping, centromere localization, and cytological identification of linkage group III, Genetics 71, 621–632 (1972).
E. M. Eicher and L. L. Washburn, Chromosomally unbalanced, viable, fertile mice, in: 47th Annual Report, Jackson Laboratory, bar Harbor, Maine, p. 34 (1976).
E. M. Eicher, S. J. Phillips, and L. L. Washburn, The use of molecular probes and chromosomal rearrangements to partition the mouse Y into functional regions, in: Recombinant DNA and Medical Genetics (Birth Defects Symposium XIII) (A. Messer and I. H. Porter, eds.), pp. 57–71, Academic Press, New York (1983).
R. P. Erickson, Cattanach’s translocation (Is(7;X)Ct) corrects male sterility due to homozygosity for chromosome 7 deletions, Genet. Res. (Camb.) 43, 35–41 (1984).
E. P. Evans and P. S. Burgoyne, The chromosome unbalance observed in early preimplantation embryos from mice heterozygous for the paracentric inversion of the X chromosome, In (X)1H, in: Chromosomes Today (M. D. Bennett, A. Gropp, and U. Wolf, eds.), Vol. 8, p. 305 (abstract), Allen and Unwin, London (1984).
E. P. Evans and C. E. Ford, Some cytological properties of paracentric inversions in the mouse, in: Current Chromosome Research (K. Jones and P. E. Brandham, eds.), pp. 216–217, Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, Amsterdam (1976).
E. P. Evans and R. J. S. Phillips, Inversion heterozygosity and the origin of XO daughters of Bpal+ female mice, Nature 256, 40–41 (1975).
E. P. Evans, C. V. Beechey, and M. D. Burtenshaw, Meiosis and fertility in XYY mice, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 20, 249–263 (1978).
E. P. Evans, M. D. Burtenshaw, and B. B. Brown, Meiosis in Sxr male mice II. Further absence of cytological evidence for a Y-autosome rearrangement in sex-reversed (Sxr) mice, Chromosoma (Beri.) 81, 19–26 (1980).
E. P. Evans, M. D. Burtenshaw, and B. M. Cattanach, Meiotic crossing-over between the X and Y chromosomes of male mice carrying the sex-reversing (Sxr) factor, Nature 300, 443–445 (1982).
N. Feldman, M. André, J. F. Jarrige, and D. Boucher, Pituitary-gonadal axis in sterile male mice heterozygous for autosomal reciprocal translocation T145H, J. Reprod. Fertil. 66, 723–728 (1982).
C. E. Ford, E. P. Evans, and M. D. Burtenshaw, Meiosis and fertility in mice heterozygous for paracentric interversions, in: Current Chromosome Research (K.Jones and P. E. Brandham, eds.), pp. 123–132, Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, Amsterdam (1976).
J. Forejt, Non-random association between a specific autosome and the X chromo-some in meiosis of the male mouse: Possible consequence of homologous centromeres’ separation, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 13, 369–383 (1974).
J. Forejt, Spermatogenic failure of translocation heterozygotes affected by H-2 linked gene in mouse, Nature 260, 143–145 (1976).
J. Forejt, Meiotic studies of translocations causing male sterility in the mouse. II. Double heterozygotes for Robertsonian translocations, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 23, 163— 170 (1979).
J. Forejt, X-Y involvement in male sterility caused by autosome translocations—a hypothesis, in: Genetic Control of Gamete Production and Function (Serono Clinical Colloquia on Reproduction 3) (P. G. Crosignani, B. L. Rubin, and M. Fraccaro, eds.), pp. 135–151, Academic Press, London, and Grune and Stratton, New York (1982).
J. Forejt and S. Gregorová, Meiotic studies of translocations causing male sterility in the mouse I. Autosomal reciprocal translocations, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 19, 159–179 (1977).
J. Forejt, J. Capková, and S. Gregorová, T(16;17)43H translocation as a tool in analysis of the proximal part of chromosome 17 (including T-t gene complex) of the mouse, Genet. Res. (Camb.) 35, 165–177 (1980).
J. Forejt, S. Gregorová, and P. Goetz, XY pair associates with the synaptonemal complex of autosomal male-sterile translocations in pachytene spermatocytes of the mouse (Mus musculus), Chromosoma (Berl.) 82, 41–53 (1981).
B. B. Gollapudi, O. P. Kamra, and S. R. Blecher, A search for a genetic basis for gonosomal univalency in mice, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 29, 241–249 (1981).
S. Gregorová, V. S. Baranov, and J. Forejt, Partial trisomy (including T-t gene complex) of the chromosome 17 of the mouse. The effect on male fertility and the transmission to progeny, Folia Biol. (Prague.) 21, 171–177 (1981).
A. Gropp and H. Winking, Robertsonian translocations: cytology, meiosis, segregation patterns and biological consequences of heterozygosity, in: Biology of the House Mouse (R.J. Berry, ed.), pp. 141–181, Academic Press, London, (1981).
A. Gropp, H. Winking, and C. Redi, Consequences of Robertsonian heterozygosity: segregation impairment of fertility versus male-limited sterility, in: Genetic Control of Gamete Production and Function (Serono Clinical Colloquia on Reproduction 3) (P. G. Crosignani, B. L. Rubin, and M. Fraccaro, eds.), pp. 115–134, Academic Press, London, and Grune and Stratton, New York (1982).
Y. Hotta and A. C. Chandley, Activities of X-linked enzymes in spermatocytes of mice rendered sterile by chromosomal alterations, Gamete Res. 6, 65–72 (1982).
Y. Hotta, A. C. Chandley, H. Stern, A. G. Searle, and C. V. Beechey, A disruption of pachytene DNA metabolism in male mice with chromosomally-derived sterility, Chromosoma (Berl.) 73, 287–300 (1979).
A. D. Hugenholtz and W. R. Bruce, Sperm size abnormalities in homozygous and heterozygous In(5)9Rk mice, Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 21, 115–119 (1979).
H. T. Imai, Y. Matsuda, T. Shiroishi, and K. Moriwaki, High frequency of X-Y chromosome dissociation in primary spermatocytes of Fi hybrids between Japanese wild mice (Mus musculus molossinus) and inbred laboratory mice, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 29, 166–175 (1981).
P. Jalbert, B. Sele, and H. Jalbert, Reciprocal translocations: A way to predict the mode of imbalanced segregation by pachytene-diagram drawing. A study of 151 human translocations, Hum. Genet. 55, 209–222 (1980).
M. H. Kaufman, Non-random segregation during mammalian oogenesis, Nature 238, 465–466 (1972).
S. E. Lewis, H. A. Turchin, and T. E. Wojtowicz, Fertility studies of complementing genotypes at the albino locus of the mouse, J. Reprod. Fértil. 53, 197–202 (1978).
E. Lifschytz, X-chromosome inactivation: an essential feature of normal spermiogenesis in male heterogametic organisms, in: The Genetics of the Spermatozoon (R. A. Beatty and S. Gluecksohn-Waelsch, eds.), pp. 223–232, Beatty and Gluecksohn- Waelsch, Edinburgh (1972).
M. F. Lyon, Sex chromosome activity in germ cells, in: Physiology and Genetics of Reproduction (E. M. Coutinho and F. Fuchs, eds.), Part A, pp. 63–71, Plenum Press, New York (1974).
M. F. Lyon, The use of Robertsonian translocations for studies of nondisjunction, in: Radiation-Induced Chromosome Damage in Man (T. Ishihara and M. S. Sasaki eds.), pp. 327–346, Liss, New York (1983).
M. F. Lyon and S. G. Hawker, Reproductive life span in irradiated and unirradiated chromosomally XO mice, Genet. Res. (Camb.) 21, 185–194 (1979).
M. F. Lyon and R. Meredith, Autosomal translocation causing male sterility and viable aneuploidy in the mouse, Cytogenetics 5, 335–354 (1966).
M. F. Lyon and I. M. Sayers, Private communication, Mouse News Letter 58, 44 (1978).
T. Magnuson and C. J. Epstein, Genetic control of very early mammalian development, Biol Rev. 56, 369–408 (1981).
S. Mahadevaiah, U. Mittwoch, and M. J. Moses, Pachytene chromosomes in male and female mice heterozygous for the Is(7;l)40H insertion, Chromosoma (Berl.) 90, 163–169 (1984).
Y. Matsuda, H. T. Imai, K. Moriwaki, K. Kondo, and F. Bonhomme, X-Y chromosome dissociation in wild derived Mus musculus subspecies, laboratory mice, and their Fi hybrids, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 34, 241–252 (1982).
Y. Matsuda, H. T. Imai, K. Moriwaki, and K. Kondo, Modes of inheritance of X-Y dissociation in inter-subspecies hybrids between BALB/c mice and Mus musculus molossinus, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 35, 209–215 (1983).
M. L. Meistrich, W. Göhde, R. A. White, and J. Longtin, “Cytogenetic” studies of spermatids of mice carrying Cattanach’s translocation by flow cytometry, Chromosoma (Berl.) 74, 141–151 (1979).
U. Mittwoch, S. Mahadevaiah, and M. B. Olive, Retardation of ovarian growth in male-sterile mice carrying an autosomal translocation, J. Med. Genet. 18, 414–417 (1981).
T. Morris, The XO and OY constitution in the mouse, Genet. Res. (Camb.) 12, 125–137 (1968).
M. J. Moses, Synaptonemal complex karyotyping in spermatocytes of the Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus) I. Morphology of the autosomal complement in spread preparations, Chromosoma (Berl.) 60, 99–125 (1977).
M. J. Moses and P. A. Poorman, Synaptonemal complex analysis of mouse chromosomal rearrangements. II. Synaptic adjustment in a tandem duplication, Chromsoma (Berl.) 81, 519–535 (1981).
M. J. Moses and P. A. Poorman, Synapsis, synaptic adjustment and DNA synthesis in mouse oocytes, in: Chromosomes Today (M. D. Bennett, A. Gropp, and U. Wolf, eds.), Vol. 8, pp. 90–103, Allen and Unwin, London (1984).
M. J. Moses, P. A. Poorman, T. H. Roderick, and M. T. Davisson, Synaptonemal complex analysis of mouse chromosomal rearrangements. IV. Synapsis and synaptic adjustment in two paracentric inversions, Chromosoma (Berl.) 84, 457–474 (1982).
J. H. Nijhoff, Private communication, Mouse News Letter 60, 77 (1979).
J. H. Nijhoff, Meiotic Behaviour and Spermatogenesis in Male Mice Heterozygous for Translocation Types Also Occurring in Man, Ph.D. Thesis, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands (1981).
J. H. Nijhoff and P. de Boer, A first exploration of a Robertsonian translocation heterozygote in the mouse for its usefulness in cytological evaluation of radiation-induced meiotic autosomal non-disjunction, Mutat. Res. 61, 77–86 (1979).
J. H. Nijhoff, P. de Boer, and M. C. A. Wessels-Kaalen, Private communication, Mouse News Letter 71, 52 (1984).
M. Oshimura and A. A. Sandberg, Sexual differences in meiotic disjunction of murine T(1;13)70H translocation heterozygotes, Jpn. J. Genet. 53, 215–218 (1978).
M. Oshimura and N. Takagi, Meiotic disjunction in T(14;15)6Ca heterozygotes and fate of chromosomally unbalanced gametes in embryonic development, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 15, 1–16 (1975).
M. Oshimura, S. Sonta, and A. A. Sandberg, Cytogenetic evidence for and frequency of adjacent 2 disjunction in murine T(1;13)70H male heterozygotes, Proc.Jpn. Acad. 52, 199–202 (1976).
M. Oshimura, A. Tonomura, and N. Tanaka, Degenerative metaphase I’s and meiotic configurations in male translocation carriers of mice, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 27, 209 (1981).
P. A. Poorman, M. J. Moses, M. T. Davisson, and T. H. Roderick, Synaptonemal complex analysis of mouse chromosomal rearrangements. III. Cytogenetic observations on two paracentric inversions, Chromosoma (Beri.) 83, 419–429 (1981).
P. A. Poorman, M. J. Moses, L. B. Russell, and N. L. A. Cacheiro, Synaptonemal complex analysis of mouse chromosomal rearrangements. I. Cytogenetic observations on a tandem duplication, Chromosoma (Beri.) 81, 507–518 (1981).
M. Rapp, E. Therman, and C. Denniston, Non-pairing of the X and Y chromosomes in the spermatocytes of BDFi mice, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 19, 85–93 (1977).
T. H. Roderick and N. L. Hawes, Nineteen paracentric chromosomal inversions in mice, Genetics 76, 109–117 (1974).
L. B. Russell, and S. Maddux, Private communication, Mouse News Letter 56, 54 (1977).
L. B. Russell, W. L. Russell, N. L. A. Cacheiro, C. M. Vaughan, R. A. Popp, and K. B. Jacobson, A tandem duplication in the mouse, Genetics 80, s7l (1975).
A. G. Searle, Nature and consequences of induced chromosome damage in mammals, Genetic 78, 173–186 (1974).
A. G. Searle, Chromosome variants, in: Genetic Variants and Strains of the Laboratory Mouse ( M. C. Green, ed.), pp. 324–347, Gustav Fisher, Stuttgart (1981).
A. G. Searle and C. V. Beechey, Private communication, Mouse News Letter 49, 29 (1973).
A. G. Searle and C. V. Beechey, Sperm-count, egg fertilization and dominant lethality after X-irradiation of mice, Mutat. Res. 22, 63–72 (1974).
A. G. Searle and C. V. Beechey, Complementation studies with mouse translocations, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 20, 282–303 (1978).
A. G. Searle, C. E. Ford, and C. V. Beechey, Meiotic disjunction in mouse translocations and the determination of centromere position, Genet. Res. (Camb.) 18, 215–235 (1971).
A. G. Searle, C. V. Beechey, and E. P. Evans, Meiotic effects in chromosomally derived male sterility of mice, Ann. Biol. Anim. Biochim. Biophys. 18, 391–398 (1978).
A. G. Searle, C. V. Beechey, P. de Boer, D. G. de Rooij, E. P. Evans, and M. Kirk, A male-sterile insertion in the mouse, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 36, 617–626 (1983).
A. G. Searle, C. V. Beechey, E. P. Evans, and M. Kirk, Two new X-autosome translocations in the mouse, Cytogenet. Cell. Genet. 35, 279–292 (1983).
R. V. Short, Germ cell sex, in: The Genetics of the Spermatozoon ( R. A. Beatty and S. Gluecksohn-Waelsch eds.), pp. 325 - 345, Beatty and Gluecksohn-Waelsch, Edinburgh (1972).
L. Singh and K. W. Jones, Sex reversal in the mouse (Mus musculus) is caused by a recurrent non-reciprocal crossover involving the X and an aberrant Y chromosome, Cell 28, 205–216 (1982).
G. D. Snell, An analysis of translocations in the mouse, Genetics 31, 157–180, (1946).
R. M. Speed and P. de Boer, Delayed meiotic development and correlated death of spermatocytes in male mice with chromosome abnormalities, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 35, 257–262 (1983).
R. Stolla and A. Gropp, Variation of the DNA content of morphologically normal and abnormal spermatozoa in mice susceptible to irregular meiotic segregation. J. Reprod. Fertil. 38, 335–346 (1974).
P. J. J. Wauben-Penris and J.-B. Prins, Meiotic behaviour of alloxan-treated diabetic and nondiabetic T(1;13)70H/+ mice, Hum. Genet. 63, 268–273 (1983).
P. J. J. Wauben-Penris, F. A. van der Hoeven, and P. de Boer, Chiasma frequency and non-disjunction in heteromorphic bivalents: Meiotic behaviour in T(1;13)70H/ T(l; 13)lWa mice as compared to T(l; 13)70H/T(1; 13)70H mice, Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 36, 547–553 (1983).
H. Winking and A. Gropp, Meiotic non-disjunction of metacentric heterozygotes in oocytes versus spermatocytes in: Proceedings of the Serono Symposia (P. G. Crosignani and D. R. Mishall eds.), Vol. 8, pp. 47–56, Academic Press, New York (1976).
H. Winking and R. Johanisson, Pattern of pachytene pairing in mouse hybrids with chain and ring multivalents, Clin. Genet. 17, 94 (1980).
A. J. Wyrobek, J. A. Heddle, and W. R. Bruce, Chromosomal abnormalities and the morphology of mouse sperma heads, Can J. Genet. Cytol. 17, 675–681 (1975).
T. S. B. Zwanenburg, P. de Boer and P. Stam, Clonal analysis of radiation induced translocations in stem-cell spermatogonia of normal and T70H translocation heterozygous mice, Mutat. Res. 83, 207–219 (1981).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
de Boer, P. (1986). Chromosomal Causes for Fertility Reduction in Mammals. In: de Serres, F.J. (eds) Chemical Mutagens. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2147-7_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2147-7_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9267-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-2147-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive