Abstract
A discussion of possible nonthermal responses of biological membranes to very low intensity electromagnetic fields is presented. The role of membrane surface charge in mediating such responses is examined. In particular, means whereby electrostatic surface properties can be systematically altered in order to determine their role in influencing the membrane’s response to weak fields is discussed. The very important role played by the membrane’s electrochemical environment in determining the charge state of the membrane per se as well in determining the distribution of various ionic species in this environment is discussed in the context of the system (membrane and ambient electrolyte) responding to weak external perturbations.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
H. Fröhlich and F. Kremer, Coherent Excitations in Biological Systems, Springer-Verlag, New York (1983).
B. Katz, Nerve, Muscle, and Synapse, McGraw-Hill, New York (1966).
I. Newton, Opticks, Dover, New York (1952).
I. D. Harmon and E. R. Lewis, “Neural Modeling,” Physiol. Rev. 46, 513–591 (1966).
A. I. Hodgkin, The Conduction of the Nervous Impulse, Liverpool University Press, Liverpool (1964).
H. Fröhlich, “What are Nonthermal Electric Biological Effects?” Bioelectromagnetics 3, 45–46 (1982).
C. Tanford, The Hydrophobic Effect: Formation of Micelles and Biological Membranes, Wiley, New York (1973).
H. Eibl and P. Woolley, “Electrostatic Interactions at Charged Lipid Membranes. Hydrogen Bonds in Lipid Membrane Surfaces,” Biophys. Chem. 10, 261–271 (1979).
K. Toko and K. Yamafuji, “Stabilization Effect of Protons and Divalent Cations on Membrane Structures of Lipids,” Biophys. Chem. 14, 11–23 (1981).
T. Hill, “Electric Fields and the Cooperativity of Biological Membranes,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 58, 111–114 (1967).
J. Changeux, J. Thiery, Y. Tung, and C. Kittel, “On the Cooperativity of Biological Membranes,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 57, 335–344 (1967).
R. Blumen thai, J. Changeux, and R. Lefever, “Membrane Excitability and Dissipative Instabilities,” J. Membr. Biol. 2, 351–374 (1970).
H. Fröhlich, “The Biological Effects of Microwaves and Related Quetions,” Adv. Electron. Electron Phys. 53, 85–152 (1980).
H. Fröhlich, “Bose Condensation of Strongly Excited Longitudinal Electric Modes,” Phys. Lett. 26A (9), 402–403 (1968).
H. Fröhlich, “Long-Range Coherence and Energy Storage in Biological Systems,” Int. J. Quant. Chem. 2, 641–649 (1968).
H. Fröhlich, in Theoretical Physics and Biology ( M. Marois, ed.), Wiley, New York (1969), pp. 13–22.
W. Aimers, “Gating Currents and Charge Movements in Excitable Membranes,” Rev. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol. 82, 96–190 (1978).
F. Kaiser, “Boltzmann Equation Approach to Fröhlich’s Vibrational Model of Bose Condensation-Like Excitations of Coherent Modes in Biological Systems,” Z. Naturforsch. 34a, 134–146.
D. Bhaumik, K. Bhaumik, B. Dutta-Roy, and M. Engineer, “A Microscopic Approach to the Fröhlich Model of Bose Condensation of Phonons in Biological Systems,” Phys. Lett. 59A, 77–80 (1976).
T. M. Wu and S. Austin, “Bose Condensation in Biosystems,” Phys. Lett. 64A, 151–152 (1977).
T. M. Wu and S. Austin, “Cooperative Behavior in Biological Systems,” Phys. Lett. 65A, 74–76 (1978).
F. Kaiser, “Coherent Oscillations in Biological Systems. I. Bifurcation Phenomena and Phase Transitions in an Enzyme-Substrate Reaction with Ferroelectric Behavior,” Z. Naturforsch. 33a, 294–304 (1978).
F. Kaiser, “Coherent Oscillations in Biological Systems. II. Limit Cycle Collapse and the Onset of Travelling Waves in Fröhlich’s Brain Wave Model,” Z. Naturforsch. 33a, 418–431 (1978).
F. Kaiser, in Biological Effects of Nonionizing Radiation (K. Illinger, ed.), American Chemical Society Symposium Series 157, Washington, D.C. (1981), pp. 213–241.
H. Fröhlich, “Long-Range Coherence in Biological Systems,” Riv. Nuovo Cimento 7 (3), 399–418 (1977).
F. Kaiser, “Limit Cycle Model for Brain Waves,” Biol. Cybernetics 27, 155–163 (1977).
D. Bhaumik, K. Bhaumik, B. Dutta-Roy, and M. Engineer, “Polar Modes with Elastic Restoring Forces, Bose Condensation, and the Possibility of a Metastable Ferroelectric State,” Phys. Lett. 62A, 197–200 (1977).
I. Grodsky, “Possible Physical Substrates for the Interaction of Electromagnetic Fields with Biological Membranes,” Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 247, 117–124 (1975).
I. Grodsky, “Neuronal Membrane: A Physical Synthesis,” Math. Biosci. 28, 191–219 (1976).
I. Grodsky, “Biophysical Bases of Tissue Interactions,” Neurosci. Res. Program Bull. 15, 72–80 (1977).
K. Huang, Statistical Mechanics, Wiley, New York (1963).
D. Van Lamsweerde-Gallez and A. Meessen, “The Role of Proteins in a Dipole Model for Steady-State Ionic Transport Through Biological Membranes,” J. Membr. Biol. 23, 103–137 (1975).
A. Lawrence and W. Adey, “Nonlinear Wave Mechanisms in Interactions Between Excitable Tissue and Electromagnetic Fields,” Neurol. Res. 4 (1/2), 115–152 (1982).
A. Davydov, “Solitons in Molecular Systems,” Phys. Scr. 20, 387–294 (1979).
S. Vaccaro and H. Green, “Ionic Processes in Excitable Membranes,” J. Theor. Biol. 81, 771–802 (1979).
T. Triffet and H. Green, “Information and Energy Flow in a Simple System,” J. Theor. Biol 86, 3–44 (1980).
C. Cain, “A Theoretical Basis for Microwave and RF Field Effects on Excitable Cellular Membranes,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 28 (2), 142–147 (1980).
C. Cain, “Biological Effects of Oscillating Electric Fields: Role of Voltage Sensitive Ion Channels,” Bioelectromagnetics 2, 23–32 (1981).
C. Cain, in Biological Effects of Nonionizing Radiation (K. Illinger, ed.), American Chemical Society Symposium Series 157, Washington, D.C. (1981), pp. 147–160.
F. Barnes and C. Hu, “Model for Some Nonthermal Effects of Radio and Microwave Fields on Biological Membranes,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 25, 742–746 (1977).
F. Barnes and C. Hu, in Nonlinear Electromagnetics ( P. Uslenghi, ed.), Academic, New York (1980), pp. 391–426.
W. Pickard and F. Rosenbaum, “Biological Effects of Microwaves at the Membrane Level: Two Possible Athermal Electrophysical Mechanisms and a Proposed Experimental Test,” Math. Biosci. 39, 235–253 (1978).
A. Nazarea, in Aeromedical Review: USAF Radiofrequency Radiation Bioeffects Research Program—A Review (J. C. Mitchell, ed.), Review 4–81, Brooks Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas (1981).
C. Stevens, “Inferences About Membrane Properties from Electrical Noise Measurements,” Biophys. J. 12, 1028–1047 (1972).
Y. Chen, “Differentiation of Channel Models by Noise Analysis,” Biophys. J. 16, 965–971 (1976).
A. Verveen and L. De Felice, “Membrane Noise,” Prog. Biophys. Molec. Biol. 28, 189–265 (1974).
T. Tenforde, “Thermal Aspects of Electromagnetic Field Interactions with Bound Calcium Ions at the Nerve Cell Surface,” J. Theor. Biol. 83, 517–521 (1980).
T. Hill, “Some Possible Biological Effects of Electric Fields Acting on Nucleic Acids or Proteins,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80, 2142–2147 (1958).
Y. Chemitskii, Y. Lin, and S. Konev, “Cooperative Transitions in the Supermolecular Structure of Nerve Protein,” Biofizika 14, 1023–1026 (1969).
D. Engelman, “X-Ray Diffraction Studies of Phase Transitions in the Membrane of Mycoplasma Laidlawii,” J. Mol. Biol. 47, 115–117 (1970).
H. Kijima and S. Kijima, “Cooperative Response of Chemically Excitable Membranes,” J. Theor. Biol. 71, 567–585 (1978).
M. Malek-Mansour, G. Nicolis, and I. Prigogine, in Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Biological Processes ( I. Lamprecht and A. Zotin, ed.), Walter de Gruyter & Co., New York (1982), pp. 75–103.
T. Hill and Y. Chen, “Cooperative Effects in Models of Steady-State Transport Across Membranes,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 65, 1069–1076 (1970).
T. Hill and Y. Chen, “Cooperative Effects in Models of Steady-State Transport Across Membranes; Oscillating Phase Transition,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 66 (1), 189–196 (1970).
T. Hill and Y. Chen, “Cooperative Effects in Models of Steady-State Transport Across Membranes; Simulation of Potassium Ion Transport in Nerve,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 66 (3), 607–614 (1970).
V. Denner and F. Kaiser, “Phase Transition Behavior of a Greater Membrane Model,” Int. J. Quantum Chem.: Quantum Biology Symp. 9, 41–57 (1982).
W. Adey, “Tissue Interactions with Nonionizing Electromagnetic Fields,” Physiol. Rev. 61 (2), 435–514 (1981).
J. Bond, D. Mikulecky, and C. Jordan, “A Model for Alterations in RF Induced Ca+2 Efflux Based on Changes in the Structure of the Electrical Double Layer at an Enzymatic Surface,” Bioelectromagnetics Abstracts, Sixth Annual Meeting of the Biolelectromagnetics Society, Atlanta (1984).
S. Hubbard and S. Brody, “Glycerophospholipid Variation in Choline and Inositol Autotrophs of Neurospora Crassa,” J. Biol. Chem. 250, 7173–7179 (1975).
A. Trauble, Biomembranes 3, 197–227 (1972).
H. Trauble, M. Teubner, P. Woolley, and E. Eibl, “Electrostatic Interactions at Charged Lipid Membranes.” I. Effects of pH and Univalent Cations on Membrane Structure, Biophys. Chem. 4, 319–342 (1976).
J. Bockris and A. Reddy, Modern Electrochemistry, Vol. 2, Plenum Press, New York (1977).
H. Fröhlich, “The Extraordinary Dielectric Properties of Biological Materials and the Action of Enzymes,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72 (11), 4211–4215 (1975).
J. DeSimone, “Perturbations in the Structures of the Double Layer at an Enzymic Surface,” J. Theor. Biol. 68, 225–240 (1977).
J. Pennline, J. Rosenbaum, J. DeSimone, and D. Mikulecky, “A Nonlinear Boundary Value Problem Arising in the Structure of the Double Layer at an Enzymatic Surface,” Math. Biosci. 37, 1–17 (1977).
A. Pilla, in Bioelectrochemistry ( H. Keyzer and F. Gutmann, eds.), Plenum Press, New York (1980), pp. 353–396.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bond, J.D., Huth, G.C. (1986). Electrostatic Modulation of Electromagnetically Induced Nonthermal Responses in Biological Membranes. In: Gutmann, F., Keyzer, H. (eds) Modern Bioelectrochemistry. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2105-7_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2105-7_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9246-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-2105-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive