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A Polymorphic Locus Near the Human Insulin Gene Associated with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

  • Chapter
Virus Infections and Diabetes Mellitus

Part of the book series: Developments in Medical Virology ((DIMV,volume 2))

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Abstract

There is a polymorphic locus near the beginning of the human insulin gene on chromosome 11 whose size is extremely variable. This locus, the insulin gene hypervariable region (HVR), is composed of tandem repeats of a family of related oligonucleotides. Its size varies because of variation in the number of repeats. Population studies indicate that the sizes of the HVR fall into three heterodisperse classes, designated 1, 2 and 3 in order of increasing size and whose frequency varies between racial groups. The common Class 1 allele and the homozygous Class 1 genotype are significantly more frequent (p < 0.001) in Caucausians with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) than in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes or non-diabetic controls. The Class 1 HVR allele may be a marker for an allele of a gene which predisposes to IDDM. Although the identity of this diabetogenic locus has yet to be determined, possible candidates include: 1) a gene encoding a beta-cell specific autoantigen; 2) one which determines the susceptibility of the beta cell to viral infection or its response to such infection; and 3) a gene which influences beta cell regeneration.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Metabolic Research Unit, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143, USA

    K. Xiang, N. Sanz, J. H. Karam & G. I. Bell

  2. Chiron Corporation, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, California, 94608, USA

    G. I. Bell

Authors
  1. K. Xiang
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  2. N. Sanz
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  3. J. H. Karam
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  4. G. I. Bell
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Virology Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, 91010, Jerusalem, Israel

    Yechiel Becker

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© 1987 Martinus Nijhoff Publishing, Boston

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Xiang, K., Sanz, N., Karam, J.H., Bell, G.I. (1987). A Polymorphic Locus Near the Human Insulin Gene Associated with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. In: Becker, Y. (eds) Virus Infections and Diabetes Mellitus. Developments in Medical Virology, vol 2. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2085-2_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2085-2_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9236-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-2085-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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