Skip to main content

Growth Hormone Secretion in Acromegaly

  • Chapter
Acromegaly

Abstract

Although striking clinical features of acromegaly had been noticed for a long time, their association with hypersecretion of growth hormone (GH) was first suggested by Cushing. Since then, many attempts have been made to demonstrate an increase of GH in plasma from acromegalic patients. Early studies using the tibia epiphyseal bioassay method revealed the presence of growth-promoting factors in lyophilized plasma from acro-megalic patients (1). It was difficult, however, to quantify plasma GH levels using this bioassay method. The hemoagglutination inhibition assay offered greater sensitivity but this procedure was still not satisfactory for measuring the small amounts of GH present in plasma (2). More recently the sensitive and reliable measurement of plasma GH was made possible by the introduction of a radioimmunoassay (RIA) for GH (3,4). Since then, RIAs for GH have been extensively used for studying GH secretion in patients with acromegaly. In this article, we discuss GH secretion in acromegalic patients based on results obtained from studies conducted in our laboratory as well as findings reported in the literature.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Kinsell LW, Michaels GD, Li CH, Larsen WE. Studies in growth. I. Interrelationship between pituitary growth factor and growth-promoting androgens in acromegaly and gigantism. II. Quantitative evaluation of bone and soft tissue growth in acromegaly and gigantism. J Clin Endocrinol 1947; 8:1013.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Read CH, Bryan GT. The immunological assay of human growth hormone. Recent Prog Horm Res 1960; 16:187.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Utiger RD, Parker ML, Daughaday WH. Studies on human growth hormone. I. A radioimmunoassay for human growth hormone. J Clin Invest 1962; 41:254.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Glick SM, Roth J, Yalow RS, Berson SA. Immunoassay of human growth hormone in plasma. Nature 1963; 199:784.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Takahashi Y, Kipnis DM, Daughaday WH. Growth hormone secretion during sleep. J Clin Invest 1968; 47:2079.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Cryer PE, Daughaday WH. Regulation of growth hormone secretion in acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1969; 29:386.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Chihara K, Kato Y, Abe H, Furumoto M, Maeda K, Imura H. Sleep-related growth hormone release following 2-bromo-a-ergocriptine treatment in acromegalic patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1977; 44:78.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Lawrence AM, Goldfine ID, Kirstein L. Growth hormone dynamics in acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1970; 31:239.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Glick SM, Roth J, Yalow RS, Berson SA. The regulation of growth hormone secretion. Recent Prog Horm Res 1965; 21:241.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Hartog M, Gaafar MA, Meisser B, Fraser TR. Immunoassay of serum growth hormone in acromegalic patients. Br Med J 1964; 2:1229.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Beck P, Schalch DS, Parker ML, Kipnis DM, Daughaday WH. Correlative studies of growth hormone and insulin plasma concentrations with metabolic abnormalities in acromegaly. J Lab Clin Med 1965; 66:366.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Irie M, Tsushima T. Increase in serum GH after TRH injection in patients with acromegaly and gigantism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1972; 35:97.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Tolis G, Koutsilieris .M, Bertrand G. Endocrine diagnosis of growth hormone-secreting pituitary tumors. In: Black PM, et al., eds. Secretory tumors of the pituitary gland. New York: Raven Press, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Faglia G, Paracchi A, Ferrari C, Beck-Peccoz P. Evaluation of the results of transsphenoidal surgery in acromegaly by assessment of the growth hormone response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1978; 8:373.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Watanabe M, Kuwayama A, Nakane T, et al. Long-term growth hormone responses to nonspecific hypothalamic hormones in acromegalic patients. Surg Neurol 1985; 24:449.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Faglia G, Beck-Peccoz P, Travaglini P, Paracchi A, Spada A, Lewin A. Elevations in plasma growth hormone concentration after luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) in patients with active acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1973; 37:338.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Tanaka K, Watanabe T, Yoshida H, Shimizu N. Effect of synthetic ovine corticotropin-releasing factor on growth hormone secretion in patients with acromegaly. Endocrinol Jpn 1984; 31:353.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Pieters GFFM, Hermus ARMM, Smals AGH, Kloppenborg PWC. Paradoxical responsiveness of growth hormone to corticotropin-releasing factor in acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1984; 58:560.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Kato Y, Matsushita N, Ohta H, Tojo K, Shimatsu A, Imura H. Regulation of prolactin secretion. In: Imura H, ed. The pituitary gland. New York: Raven Press, 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Matsushita N, Kato Y, Katakami H, Shimatsu A, Yanaihara N, Imura H. Stimulation of growth hormone release by vasoactive intestinal polypeptide from human pituitary adenoma in vitro. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1981; 53:1297.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Kato Y, Shimatsu A, Matsushita N, Ohta H, Imura H. Role of vaso-active intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in regulating the pituitary function in man. Peptides 1984; 5:389.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Kato Y, Shimatsu A, Matsushita N, et al. Regulation of pituitary hormone secretion by VIP and related peptides. In: Labrie F, Proulx L, eds. Endocrinology. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Ishibashi M, Yamaji T. Direct effects of catecholamines, thyrotropin-releasing hormone and somatostatin on growth hormone and prolactin secretion from adenomatous and nonadenomatous human pituitary cells in culture. J Clin Invest 1984; 73:66.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Matsukura S, Kakita T, Hirata Y, et al. Adenylate cyclase of GH and ACTH producing tumors of human: activation by non-specific hormones and other bioactive substances. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1977; 44:392.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Thorner MO, Perryman RL, Cronin MJ, et al. Successful treatment of acromegaly by removal of a pancreatic islet tumor secreting a growth hormone releasing factor. J Clin Invest 1982; 70:965.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Hall R, Besser GM, Schally AV, et al. Action of growth-hormone-release inhibitory hormone in healthy men and in acromegaly. Lancet 1973; 2:581.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Ikuyama S, Nawata H, Kato K, Ibayashi H, Nakagaki H. Plasma growth hormone responses to somatostatin (SRIH) and SRIH receptors in pituitary adenomas in acromegalic patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1986; 62:729.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Lamberts SWJ, Oosterom R, Nenfeld M, del Pozo E. The somatostatin analog SMS 201–995 induces long-acting inhibition of growth hormone secretion without rebound hypersecretion in acromegalic patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985; 60:1161.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. von Werder K, Muller OA, Hartl R, Losa M, Stalla GK. Growth hormone releasing factor (hpGRF)-stimulation test in normal controls and acromegalic patients. J Endocrinol Invest 1984; 7:185.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Wood SM, Chng JLC, Adams EF, et al. Abnormalities of growth hormone release in response to human pancreatic growth hormone releasing factor (GRF[l-44]) in acromegaly and hypopituitarism. Br Med J 1983; 286:1687.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Shibasaki T, Shizume K, Masuda A, et al. Plasma growth hormone response to growth hormone-releasing factor in acromegalic patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1984; 58:215.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Chiodini PG, Liuzzi A, Pallabonzana D, Oppizzi G, Verde GG. Changes in growth hormone (GH) secretion induced by human pancreatic GH releasing hormone-44 in acromegaly: a comparison with thyrotropin-releasing hormone and bromocriptine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985; 60:48.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Gelato MC, Marrian GR, Vance ML, et al. Effects of growth hormone-releasing factor on growth hormone secretion in acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985; 60:255.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Ishibashi M, Yamaji T. Effects of hypophysiotropic factors on growth hormone and prolactin secretion from somatotroph adenomas in culture. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985; 60:985.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Liuzzi A, Chiodini PG, Botalla L, Cremascolli G, Silvestrini F. Inhibitory effect of L-dopa on GH release in acromegalic patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1972; 35:951.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Camanni F, Massara F, Belforte L, Molinatti GM. Changes in plasma growth hormone levels in normal and acromegalic subjects following administration of 2-bromo-α-ergocryptine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1975; 40:363.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Besser GM, Thorner MO, Wass JAH, et al. Bromocriptine treatment of acromegaly. Q J Med 1976; 45:695.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Arosi M, Moriondo P, Tranaglini P, et al. Modifications in serum growth hormone concentration induced by sulpiride in acromegalic patients pretreated with dopamine, bromocriptine and metergoline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1980; 51:454.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Liuzzi A, Chiodini PG, Botalla L, Silvestrini F, Muller EE. Growth hormone (GH)-releasing activity of TRH and GH-lowering effect of dopaminergic drugs in acromegaly: homogeneity in the two responses. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1974; 39:871.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Lamberts SWJ, Klijn JGM, van Vroonhoven CCJ, Stefanko SZ, Liuzzi A. The role of prolactin in the inhibitory action of bromocriptine on growth hormone secretion in acromegaly. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1983; 103:446.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Hanew K, Kokubun M, Sasaki A, Mouri T, Yoshinaga K. The spectrum of pituitary growth hormone responses to pharmacological stimuli in acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1980; 51:292.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Pieters GFFM, Romeijn JE, Smals AGH, Kloppenborg PWC. Somatostatin sensitivity and growth hormone responses to releasing hormones and bromocriptine in acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1982; 54:942.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Demura R, Suda T, Wakabayashi I, et al. Plasma pituitary hormone responses to the synthetic enkephalin analog (FK 33-824) in normal subjects and patients with pituitary diseases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1981; 52:263.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Kato Y, Katakami H, Imura H. Role of neuropeptides in the control of growth hormone secretion in man and rats. In: Shizume K, Takano K, eds. Growth and growth factors. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Lamberts SWJ, Klijn JGM, van Vroonhoven LCJ, Stefanko SZ. Different responses of growth hormone secretion to guanfacine, bromocriptine, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone in acromegalic patients with pure growth hormone (GH)-containing and mixed GH/prolactin-containing pituitary adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985; 60:1148.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Feely J. Beta-adrenoreceptor-blocking drugs, growth hormone and acromegaly. Postgrad Med J 1980; 56:230.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Kato Y, Kabayama Y, Ohta H. Effective long-term treatment with cyproheptadine of patients with acromegaly [Abstract]. 65th Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society, San Antonio, TX, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Ishibashi M, Fukushima I, Yamaji T. Cyproheptadine-mediated inhibition of growth hormone and prolactin release from pituitary adenoma cells of acromegaly and gigantism in culture. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1985; 109:474.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Ishikawa E, Hashida S, Kakogawa K, Ohtaki S. Human growth hormone. In: Bergmeyer HU, ed. Methods of enzymatic analysis. 3rd ed. Weinheim FRG: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Hashida S, Nakagawa K, Ishikawa E, Ohtaki S. Basal level of human growth hormone (hGH) in normal serum. Clin Chim Acta 1985; 151:185.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1987 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Imura, H., Kato, Y., Ishikawa, E. (1987). Growth Hormone Secretion in Acromegaly. In: Robbins, R.J., Melmed, S. (eds) Acromegaly. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1913-9_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1913-9_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9064-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-1913-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics