Abstract
The first manometric studies were performed in 1883 by Kronecker and Meltzer, who used air-filled balloons and an external pressure transducer. Water-filled balloons were first used by Ingelfinger and Abbot in 1940. Because of their inaccuracy and delayed assessment of rapid pressure changes in the esophagus, these methods were later found not to be clinically useful and were abandoned. Studies using water-filled catheters first began in the 1950s and initiated development of the basic knowledge of the physiology and pathophysiology of esophageal motility. The lower esophageal sphincter (LES) was first identified manometrically by Fyke et al. in 1956. Small intraluminal solid-state transducers were introduced in the 1970s.
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Castell, D.O. (2002). Esophageal Investigative Techniques. In: Orlando, R.C. (eds) Atlas of Esophageal Diseases. Current Medicine Group, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1093-8_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1093-8_5
Publisher Name: Current Medicine Group, London
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