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Treatment of Hypoosmolar and Hyperosmolar States

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Therapy of Renal Diseases and Related Disorders

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Abstract

Under usual conditions, the osmolarity of the extracellular fluid (ECF) is maintained within an extremely narrow range. When this range is exceeded, the cells of the body are subject to an injurious influx or efflux of water, which preserves the uniform tonicity of all body fluids. Thus, in situations where the osmolarity of body fluids is disturbed, the principal pathophysiology is related to the inability of cells to maintain normal volume (and hence structure and function). Of course, each of the somatic cells of the body has the ability to regulate its own volume; when this regulatory ability is exceeded, symptoms referable to hypoosmolarity or hyperosmolarity appear. Before discussing specific clinical syndromes of deranged plasma tonicity, it is appropriate to review some important aspects of cell volume regulation.

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Authors
  1. Stephen Brennan
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  2. J. Carlos Ayus
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Baylor College of Medicine, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA

    Wadi N. Suki

  2. Division of Nephrology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Shaul G. Massry

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© 1991 Kluwer Academic Publishers

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Brennan, S., Ayus, J.C. (1991). Treatment of Hypoosmolar and Hyperosmolar States. In: Suki, W.N., Massry, S.G. (eds) Therapy of Renal Diseases and Related Disorders. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0689-4_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0689-4_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-8027-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-0689-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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