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The Arctic Seas pp 123–146Cite as

Arctic Sea-Ice Biota

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Abstract

Ice is an important physical feature of the environment in polar regions and strongly affects the plants and animals living in these areas. Ice reduces the amount of light reaching the water column, and also reduces heat and gas exchange. A salinity minimum directly beneath the ice and reduced mixing of the water combine to enhance the vertical stability of the water column. At the same time, the upper surface of the ice provides a place for marine mammals and birds to rest, feed, and bear their young, while the lower surface provides a substrate for microalgae, meiofauna, epifauna, and some fish. The ecological importance of these complex communities associated with sea ice is gradually becoming better known. In this chapter, I will review the information currently available on those organisms associated with the bottom few centimeters of ice at the ice-seawater interface, in particular, the microalgae, meiofauna, and epifauna.

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Authors
  1. Rita A. Horner
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164-2812, USA

    Yvonne Herman

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© 1989 Van Nostrand Reinhold

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Horner, R.A. (1989). Arctic Sea-Ice Biota. In: Herman, Y. (eds) The Arctic Seas. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0677-1_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0677-1_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-8022-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-0677-1

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