Abstract
As the semiconductor technology advances towards Ultra Large Scale Integration (ULSI), with device feature in the micron or submicron range, new metallization materials and processes are needed. Specifically, some of the requirements of the materials for ULSI metallization are low resistivity, low contact resistance, fine-line patternability, resistance to electromigration, strong adherence and good step coverage and conformality. Sometimes all of these requirements cannot be optimized simultaneously and one is forced to adopt a compromise.
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© 1989 Plenum Press, New York
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Martínez-Duart, J.M., Albella, J.M. (1989). Micrometallization Technologies. In: Levy, R.A. (eds) Reduced Thermal Processing for ULSI. NATO ASI Series, vol 207. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0541-5_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0541-5_8
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