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Purines and Myocardial Protection pp 3–16Cite as

Physiologic and Pathophysiologic Significance of Purine Metabolism in the Heart

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Part of the book series: Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine ((DICM,volume 181))

Abstract

Purines are the basic building blocks of many important molecules of vital physiologic significance. The most important purine molecule is adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP) in which 95% of chemical energy is stored and from which energy is derived to trigger numerous energy-dependent reactions. ATP is essential for generation of the second messenger cAMP and regulation of several ATP-sensitive enzymes, channels and myocardial contraction-relaxation coupling. ATP is crucial in maintaining ionic gradients, neurotransmitter release, nerve depolarization and conduction, gene expression and nucleic and deoxynucleic acid synthesis (RNA and DNA) during myocardial development and cardiac repair. ATP and derivatives (ADP, AMP, adenosine and cAMP) are crucial for several molecular cellular events responsible for and regulation of vascular tone and contractile activity in the heart. In addition to purines, other nucleotides and nucleosides also play a significant role cellular and molecular biology. In the heart, the most abundant purine derivative is ATP and about 95% of ATP is synthesized in the mitochondria. In normal physiologic conditions, the steady state level of myocardial ATP is in a critical balance between ATP production and utilization. Mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase transfers ATP from the mitochondria to the cytosol in exchange for ADP.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA

    Anwar-Saad A. Abd-Elfattah, Jian-Hua Guo, El-Mostafa El-Guessab & Andrew S. Wechsler

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  1. Anwar-Saad A. Abd-Elfattah
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  2. Jian-Hua Guo
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  3. El-Mostafa El-Guessab
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  4. Andrew S. Wechsler
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiothoracic Division, Department of Surgery, Box 890532, MCV Station, Richmond, VA, 23298-0532, USA

    Anwar-Saad A. Abd-Elfattah MS, Ph.D.

  2. Department of Surgery, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia, 23298-0532, USA

    Andrew S. Wechsler M.D.

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© 1996 Kluwer Academic Publishers

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Abd-Elfattah, AS.A., Guo, JH., El-Guessab, EM., Wechsler, A.S. (1996). Physiologic and Pathophysiologic Significance of Purine Metabolism in the Heart. In: Abd-Elfattah, AS.A., Wechsler, A.S. (eds) Purines and Myocardial Protection. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 181. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0455-5_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0455-5_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-8056-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-0455-5

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