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Molecular Biology of Hematopoiesis 5 pp 277–284Cite as

Aids-Related Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas

Molecular Genetics, Viral Infection, and Cytokine Deregulation

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Abstract

AIDS-related non-Hodgkin lymphomas (AIDS-NHL) are almost invariably derived from B cells and are grouped into three distinct histologic categories, including small non cleaved cell lymphoma (SNCCL), diffuse large cell lymphoma (DLCL), and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). In addition, AIDS-NHL presenting solely as a body cavity effusion are thought to be a peculiar clinico-pathologic entity and are defined as body-cavity-based lymphoma (BCBL). At the biologic level, AIDS-related lymphomagenesis is characterized by activation of proto-oncogenes, inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, viral infection of the tumor clone, and deregulated cytokine production. Distinct AIDS-NHL types associate with specific molecular pathways. The first pathogenetic pathway clusters with AIDS-SNCCL, and is characterized by a relatively mild degree of host immunodeficiency. AIDS-SNCCL consistently associates with c-MYC rearrangements and p53 inactivation in 100% and 60% of the cases respectively, whereas infection by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is restricted to 30% of the cases. Production of high levels of IL-10 is an additional peculiar feature of EBV positive AIDS-SNCCL. The second pathogenetic pathway associates with AIDS-DLCL, which is usually accompanied by a marked immunodeficiency of the host. AIDS-DLCL is characterized by EBV infection in the large majority of cases and by the mutually exclusive presence of BCL-6 rearrangements and c-MYC translocation in 40% of the cases. A third pathway characterizes AIDS-BCBL, which associates virtually in all cases with infection by EBV and with the presence of DNA sequence of the recently identified Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus (KSHV) in the apparent absence of other known genetic lesions. Finally, the pathogenetic features of AIDS-ALCL are still under investigation.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio di Medicina e Oncologia Molecolare Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Oncologia Umana Ospedale San Luigi, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy

    Gianluca Gaidano M.D., Ph. D., Cristina Pastore, Daniela Capello, Gisella Volpe & Giuseppe Saglio

  2. Divisione di Anatomia Patologica, I.R.C.C.S.-Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy

    Annunziata Gloghini & Antonino Carbone

  3. Basel Institute for Immunology, Basel, Switzerland

    Paolo Ghia

  4. CNR-CIOS, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy

    Giuseppe Saglio

  5. Laboratorio di Medicina e Oncologia Molecolare, Sezione 5A, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Oncologia Umana, Ospedale San Luigi, Università di Torino, Orbassano - Torino, 10043, Italy

    Gianluca Gaidano M.D., Ph. D.

Authors
  1. Gianluca Gaidano M.D., Ph. D.
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  2. Cristina Pastore
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  3. Annunziata Gloghini
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  4. Daniela Capello
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  5. Gisella Volpe
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  6. Paolo Ghia
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  7. Giuseppe Saglio
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  8. Antonino Carbone
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA

    Nader G. Abraham

  2. University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

    Shigetaka Asano

  3. Universität-Gesamthoschschule Essen, Essen, Germany

    Günther Brittinger

  4. Istituto Cantonale di Patologia, Locarno, Switzerland

    Georges J. M. Maestroni

  5. Western Pennsylvania Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    Richard K. Shadduck

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© 1996 Plenum Press, New York

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Gaidano, G. et al. (1996). Aids-Related Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. In: Abraham, N.G., Asano, S., Brittinger, G., Maestroni, G.J.M., Shadduck, R.K. (eds) Molecular Biology of Hematopoiesis 5. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0391-6_34

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0391-6_34

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-8031-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-0391-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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