Abstract
The study of ureteral pharmacology is in its infancy and the literature contains much confusing and conflicting information concerning the effects of drugs on the ureter. These data have led some workers to suggest that drugs in general have little or no effect on the ureter. To some extent the discrepancies in the available data are due to poorly controlled experimental procedures or to attempts to compare dissimilar functional responses of the ureter to a given drug. To assess the effects of drugs on the ureter it is necessary to consider (1) the physiologic responses being studied, (2) the experimental design of the studies, and (3) the mechanism of action of the drug being studied. Although time will lead to changes in some of the information contained in this chapter, it is intended herewith to provide an initial basis for the understanding of drug effects on the ureter. No attempt will be made to analyze the validity of each individual pharmacologic study in the literature, but rather a brief, general review will be provided of the physiologic, pharmacologic, and biochemical properties of the ureter as they are affected by drugs.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abrahams, V.C., Pickford, M.: Effect of 5-HT on the ureter and on the blood pressure of dogs; and of adrenaline, noradrenaline, and posterior pituitary extracts on the ureter. Br. J. Pharmacol. 11: 44, 1956.
Abrams, P.H., Feneley, R.C.L.: The actions of prostaglandins on the smooth muscle of the human urinary tract in vitro. Br. J. Urol. 47: 909, 1976.
Abramson, D., Caton, W.L., Jr., Roly, C. C.: The effect of relaxin on the excretion of diodrast in the castrate hysterectomized rabbit. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 65: 654, 1953.
Agar, W.T.: Rhythmic contractions of ureter. Aust. J. Exp. Biol. Med. Sci. 26: 253, 1948.
Ahlquist, R.P.: A study of adrenotropic receptors. Am. J. Physiol. 153: 586, 1948.
Akimoto, M., Biancani, P., Weiss, R.M.: Comparative pressure-length-diameter relationships of neonatal and adult rabbit ureters. Invest. Urol. 14: 297, 1977.
Ancill, R.J., Jackson, D.M., Redfern, P.H.: The pharmacology of the rat ureter in vivo. Br. J. Pharmacol. 44: 628, 1972.
Andersson, K.E., Ulmsten, V.: Effects of spinal anesthesia, lidocaine, and morphine on the motility of the human ureter in vivo. Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol. 9: 236, 1975.
Backlund, L.: Experimental studies on pressure and contractility in the ureter. Acta Physiol. Scand. (Suppl. 59) 212: 1, 1963.
Baker, R., Huffer, J.: Electromyography in the normal, dilated, transected and transplanted ureter. Am. J. Physiol. 174: 381, 1953.
Beach, W.: Atony of the ureter in the production of hydronephrosis. J. Urol. 25: 367, 1931.
Bennett, M.R., Burnstock, G.: Application of the sucrose gap method to determine the ionic basis of the membrane potential of smooth muscle. J. Physiol. (Lond.), 183: 637, 1966.
Bennett, M.R., Burnstock, G., Holman, M.E., Walker, J.W.: The effect of Ca++ on plateautype action potentials in smooth muscle. J. Physiol. (Lond.), 161. 47P, 1962.
Benzi, G., Arrigoni, E., Sanguinetti, L.: Antibiotics and ureter. III. Chloramphenicol. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 185: 329, 1970.
Benzi, G., Arrigoni, E., Sanguinetti, L.: Antibiotics and ureter. IV. Spiramycin. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 187: 269, 1970.
Benzi, G., Arrigoni, E., Sanguinetti, L.: Antibiotics and ureter. V. Gentamicin. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 189: 303, 1971.
Benzi, G., Arrigoni, E., Sanguinetti, L.: Effect of antibiotics on the ureter motor activity. Jpn. J. Pharmacol. 23: 599, 1973.
Benzi, G., Arrigoni, E., Sanguinetti, L.: Antibiotics and ureter. VI. Aminosidin. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 194: 223, 1971.
Benzi, G., Bermudez, E., Arrigoni, E., Berte, F.: Antibiotics and the ureter. I. Ampicillin. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 183: 159, 1970.
Bergman, R.A.: Intercellular bridges in ureteral smooth muscle. Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 102: 195, 1958.
Boatman, D.L., Lewin, M.L., Culp, D.A., Flocks, R.H.: Pharmacologic evaluation of ureteral smooth muscle. A technique for monitoring ureteral peristalsis. Invest. Urol. 4: 509, 1967.
Borgstedt, H.H.: Effects of some local anesthetics, ganglion and NMJ-blockers on the electrically stimulated isolated dog ureter. Fed. Proc. 19: 194, 1960.
Borgstedt, H.H., Benjamin, J.A., Emmel, V.M.: The role of histamine in ureteral function. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 139: 386, 1962.
Boyarsky, S., Catacutan-Labay, P., Pircher, F.: Effect of eledoisin, a polypeptide kinin, on ureteral peristalsis. Invest. Urol. 4: 220, 1966.
Boyarsky, S., Kirshner, N., Labay, P.: The control of ureteral function. Med. Serv. J. Canada 22: 601, 1966.
Boyarsky, S., Kirshner, N., Labay, P.: Catecholamine content of the normal dog ureter. Invest. Urol. 4: 97, 1966.
Boyarsky, S., Labay, P.: Ureteral motility. Ann. Rev. Med. 20: 383, 1969.
Boyarsky, S., Labay, P.: Histamine analog effect on the ureter. Invest. Urol. 4: 351, 1967.
Boyarsky, S., Labay, P.: The effect of dichlo- roisoproterenol, a beta-adrenergic blocker, on ureteral function. Invest. Urol. 4: 1, 1966.
Boyarsky, S., Labay, P., Gerber, C.: Prostaglandin inhibition of ureteral peristalsis. Invest. Urol. 4: 9, 1966.
Boyarsky, S., Labay, P., Kirshner, N., Gerber, C.: Does the ureter have nervous control? J. Urol. 97: 627, 1967.
Boyarsky, S., Labay, P., Pfautz, C.J.: The effect of nicotine upon ureteral peristalsis. South. Med. J. 61: 573, 1968.
Boyarsky, S., Martinez, J.: Ureteral peristaltic pressures in dogs with changing urine flows. J. Urol. 87: 25, 1962.
Bozler, E.: The activity of the pacemaker previous to the discharge of a muscular impulse. Am. J. Physiol. 136: 543, 1942.
Butcher, H.R., Jr., Sleator, W., Jr., Schmandt, W.L.: A study of the peristaltic conduction mechanism in the canine ureter. J. Urol. 78: 221, 1957.
Carroll, G., Zingale, F. G.: A clinical and experimental study of the effect of pancreatic tissue extracts on the ureter. South. Med. J. 31: 233, 1938.
Casteels, R., Hendrickx, H. Vereecken, R.: Effects of catecholamines on the electrical and mechanical activity of the guinea pig ureter. Br. J. Pharmacol. 43: 429P, 1971.
Catacutan-Labay, P., Boyarsky, S., Gerber, C.: The effect of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) on ureteral peristalsis. Invest. Urol. 4: 224, 1966.
Chapman, J.B., Holman, M.E.: Potassium contractures in the ureter of the guinea pig. Aust. J. Exp. Biol. Med. Sci. 46: 503, 1968.
Chen, P.S., Emmel, V.M., Benjamin, J.A., Distefano, V.: Studies on the isolated dog ureter. The pharmacological action of histamine, levarterenol, and antihistaminics. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 110: 131, 1957.
Clayton, J.D., Roberts, J.A.: Radionuclide postpartum evaluation of the urinary tract during anovular therapy. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 137: 215, 1973.
Constantinou, C.E.: Renal pelvic pacemaker control of ureteral peristalsis rate. Am. J. Physiol. 226: 1413, 1974.
Constantinou, C.E., Grenato, J.J., Jr., Govan, D. E.: Dynamics of the upper urinary tract. Accommodation in the rate stroke volume of ureteral peristalsis as a response to transient alteration in urine flow rate. Urol. Int. 29: 249, 1974.
Dale, R.L., Constantinou, C.E., Briggs, E.M., Govan, D.E.: Dynamics of the upper urinary tract. The effect of an indwelling ureteral catheter on ureteral peristalsis. Invest. Urol. 8: 655, 1971.
Deane, R.F.: Functional studies of the ureter: its behavior in the domestic pig (Sus scrofa domestic a) as recorded by the technique of Trendelenburg. Br. J. Urol. 39: 31, 1967.
Draper, J.W., Zorgniotti, A.W.: The effect of banthine and similar agents on the urinary tract. N.Y. State J. Med. 54: 77, 1954.
Fainstat, T.: Ureteral dilatation in pregnancy. A review. Obstet. Gynecol. Surv. 18: 845, 1963.
Finberg, J.P.M., Peart, W.S.: Function of smooth muscle of the rat renal pelvis. Response of the isolated pelvis muscle to angiotensin and some other substances. Br. J. Pharmacol. 39: 373, 1970.
Gibbs, O.S.: The function of the fowl’s ureter. Am. J. Physiol. 87: 594, 1929.
Golenhofen, K., Lammel, E.: Selective suppression of some components of spontaneous activity in various types of smooth muscle by Iproveratril (Verapamil). Pfluegers Arch. 331: 233, 1972.
Gosling, J.A., Dixon, J.S.: Species variation in the location of upper urinary tract pacemaker cells. Invest. Urol. 11: 418, 1974.
Gosling, J.A., Waas, A.N.C.: The behavior of the isolated rabbit renal calyx and pelvis compared with that of the ureter. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 16: 100, 1971.
Gould, D.W., Hsieh, A.C.L., Tinckler, L.F.: Behavior of isolated water-buffalo ureter. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 129: 425, 1955.
Gruber, C.M.: The effect of epinephrine upon the rate of contraction and upon the conduction time of peristalsis and antiperistalsis in excised ureters. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 39: 449, 1930.
Gruber, C.M.: II. The effect of morphine and papaverine upon the peristaltic and antiperistaltic contractions of the ureter. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 33: 191, 1928.
Gruber, C.M.: IV. A note on the rhythmic contractions of the ureter as influenced by pituitary extract and histamine. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 34: 203, 1928.
Guyer, P.B., Delaney, D.: Urinary tract dilatation and oral contraceptives. Br. Med. J. 4: 588, 1970.
Hanley, H.G.: The electroureterogram. Br. J. Urol. 25: 358, 1953.
Hannappel, J., Golenhofen, K.: Comparative studies on normal ureteral peristalsis in dogs, guinea pigs, and rats. Pfluegers Arch. 348: 65, 1974.
Hannappel, J., Golenhofen, K.: The effect of catecholamines on ureteral peristalsis in different species (dog, guinea pig, and rat). Pfluegers Arch. 350: 55, 1974.
Hendrickx, H., Vereecken, R.L., Casteels, R.: The influence of potassium on the electrical and mechanical activity of the guinea pig ureter. Urol. Res. 3: 155, 1975.
Hendrickx, H., Vereecken, R.L., Casteels, R.: The influence of sodium on the electrical and mechanical activity of the ureter. Urol. Res. 3: 159, 1975.
Hovnanian, A.P.: Reconstruction of the ureter by free bladder mucosa graft. J. Urol. 96: 674, 1966.
Hukuhara, T., Nanba, R., Fukuda, H.: The effects of the stimulation of the extraureteral nerves on the ureteral motility of the dog. Jpn. J. Physiol. 14: 197, 1964.
Hundley, J.M., Diehl, W.D., Diggs, E.S.: Hormonal influences on the ureter. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 44: 858, 1942.
Ichikawa, S., Ikeda, O.: Recovery curve and conduction of action potentials in the ureter of the guinea pig. Jpn. J. Physiol. 10: 1, 1960.
Johns, A., Wooster, M.J.: The inhibitory effects of prostaglandin Ej on guinea pig ureter. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 53: 239, 1975.
Kaplan, N., Elkin, M., Sharkey, J.: Ureteral peristalsis and the autonomic nervous system. Invest. Urol. 5: 468, 1968.
Kiil, F.: The Function of the Ureter and Renal Pelvis. Philadelphia, Saunders, 1957.
Kiil, F., Kjekshus, J.: The physiology of the ureter and renal pelvis. 3rd Proc. Intern. Congr. Nephrol. 2: 321, 1967.
Kobayashi, M.: Effects of Na and Ca on the generation and conduction of excitation in the ureter. Am. J. Physiol. 208: 715, 1965.
Kobayashi, M.: Relationship between membrane potential and spike configuration recorded by sucrose gap method in the ureter smooth muscle. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 28A: 301, 1971.
Kobayashi, M.: Effect of calcium on electrical activity in smooth muscle cells of cat ureter. Am. J. Physiol. 216: 1279, 1969.
Kobayashi, M.: Conduction velocity in various regions of the ureter. Tohoku J. Exp. Med. 83: 220, 1964.
Kobayashi, M., Irisawa, H.: Effect of sodium deficiency on the action potential of the smooth muscle of ureter. Am. J. Physiol. 206: 205, 1964.
Kubacz, G.J., Catchpole, B.N.: The role of adrenergic blockade in the treatment of ureteral colic. J. Urol. 107: 949, 1972.
Kumar, D.: In vitro inhibitory effect of progesterone on extrauterine smooth muscle. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 84: 1300, 1962.
Kuriyama, H., Osa, T., Toida, N.: Membrane properties of smooth muscle of guinea-pig ureter. J. Physiol. (Lond.), 191: 225, 1967.
Kuriyama, H., Tomita, T.: The action potential in the smooth muscle of the guinea pig taenia coli and ureter studied by the double sucrose- gap method. J. Gen. Physiol. 55: 147, 1970.
Labay, P., Boyarsky, S.: Bradykinin: Effect on ureteral peristalsis. Science 151: 78, 1966.
Labay, P., Boyarsky, S.: The effect of topical nicotine on ureteral peristalsis. J.A.M.A. 200: 209, 1967.
Labay, P.C., Boyarsky, S., Herlong, J.H.: Relation of adrenal to ureteral function. Fed. Proc. 27: 444, 1968.
Lapides, J.: The physiology of the intact human ureter. J. Urol. 59: 501, 1948.
Levey, G. S., Prindle, K. H., Jr., Epstein, S.E.: Effects of glucagon on adenyl cyclase activity in the left and right ventricles and liver in experimentally produced isolated right ventricular failure. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 1: 403, 1970.
Libertino, J.A., Weiss, R.M.: Ultrastructure of human ureter. J. Urol. 108: 71, 1972.
Ling, G., Gerard, R.W.: The normal membrane potential of frog sartorius fibers. J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 34: 383, 1949.
Longrigg, N.: Minor calyces as primary pacemaker sites for ureteral activity in man. Lancet 1: 253, 1975.
Longrigg, N.: Autonomic innervation of the renal calyx. Br. J. Urol. 46: 357, 1974.
Lubin, S., Drexler, L.S., Bilotta, W.A.: Postpartum pyeloureteral changes following hormone administration. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 73: 391, 1941.
Lucas, D.R.: Physiological and pharmacological studies of the ureter. III. Am. J. Physiol. 22: 245, 1908.
Macht, D.I.: On the pharmacology of the ureter. I. Action of epinephrine, ergotoxin, and nicotine. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 8: 155, 1916.
Macht, D.I.: On the pharmacology of the ureter. III. Action of the opium alkaloids. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 9: 197, 1916.
Macht, D.I.: On the pharmacology of the ureter. II. Actions of drugs affecting the sacral autonomics. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 8: 261, 1916.
Macht, D.I.: On the pharmacology of the ureter. IV. Action of hydrastin, hydrastinin, cotar- nin, emetin, and some pyridin derivatives, with a further analysis of the opium action. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 9: 287, 1917.
Malin, J.M., Jr., Boyarsky, S., Labay, P., Gerber, C.: In vitro isometric studies of ureteral smooth muscle. J. Urol. 99: 396, 1968.
Malin, J.M., Jr., Deane, R.F., Boyarsky, S.: Characterisation of adrenergic receptors in human ureter. Br. J. Urol. 42: 171, 1970.
Marchant, D.J.: Effects of pregnancy and progestational agents on the urinary tract. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 112: 487, 1972.
Marshall, S., Lyon, R.P., Minkler, D.: Ureteral dilatation following use of oral contraceptives. J.A.M.A. 198: 206, 1966.
Mazzella, H., Schroeder, G.: Ureteral contractility in the dog and the influence of drugs. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 128: 291, 1960.
McLeod, D.G., Reynolds, D.G., Swan, K.G.: Adrenergic mechanisms in the canine ureter. Am. J. Physiol. 224: 1054, 1973.
McNellis, D., Sherline, D.M.: The rabbit ureter in pregnancy and after norethynodrel-mestranol administration. A radiographic and histologic study. Obstet. Gynecol. 30: 336, 1967.
Melick, W.F., Naryka, J.J., Schmidt, J.H.: Experimental studies of ureteral peristaltic patterns in the pig. II. Myogenic activity of the pig ureter. J. Urol. 86: 46, 1961.
Michibayashi, T.: Studies on the inhibitory action of prostaglandin Ej on isolated guinea pig ureter. I. Effect on the excitability of the smooth muscle cell membrane. Sapparo Med. J. 35: 361, 1969.
Miller, R.E., Chernish, S.M., Rosenak, B.D., Rodda, B.E.: Hypotonic duodenography with glucagon. Radiology 108: 35, 1973.
Notley, R.G.: The musculature of the human ureter. Br. J. Urol. 42: 724, 1970.
Ockerblad, N.F., Carlson, H.E., Simon, J.F.: The effect of morphine upon the human ureter. J. Urol. 33: 356, 1935.
O’Conor, V.J., Jr., Dawson-Edwards, P.: Role of the ureter in renal transplantation. I. Studies of denervated ureter with particular reference to uretero-ureteral anastomosis. J. Urol. 82: 566, 1959.
Ohkawa, H.: Plateau formation in action potential of guinea-pig ureter. Bull. Yamaguchi Med. School 18: 59, 1971.
Padovani, E.: Ricerche urografiche ed istologiche sulle modificazioni pieloureterali indotte dagli armoni sessuali femminili. Quad. Clin. Ostet. Ginecol. 9: 67, 1954.
Payne, F.L., Hodes, P.J.: The effect of the female hormones and of pregnancy upon the ureters of lower animals as demonstrated by intravenous urography. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 37: 1024, 1939.
Peters, H.J., Eckstein, W.: Possible pharmacological means of treating renal colic. Urol. Res. 4: 55, 1975.
Primbs, K.: Untersuchungen über die Einwirkung von Bakterientoxinen auf den überlebenden Meerschweinchenureter. Z. Urol. Chir. 1: 600, 1913.
Prosser, C.L., Smith, C.E., Melton, C.E.: Conduction of action potentials in the ureter of the rat. Am. J. Physiol. 181: 651, 1955.
Raz, S., Zeigler, M., Caine, M.: Hormonal influence on the adrenergic receptors of the ureter. Br. J. Urol. 44: 405, 1972.
Reid, R.E., Herman, R., Teng, C.: Attempts at altering ureteral activity in the anesthetized, conditioned dog with commonly employed drugs. Invest. Urol. 12: 74, 1976.
Roberts, J.A.: Hydronephrosis of pregnancy. Urology 8: 1, 1976.
Rose, J.G., Gillenwater, J.Y.: The effect of adrenergic and cholinergic agents and their blockers upon ureteral activity. Invest. Urol. 11: 439, 1974.
Ross, J.A., Edmond, P., Griffiths, J.M.: The action of drugs on the intact human ureter. Br. J. Urol. 39: 26, 1967.
Roth, G.B.: On the movement of the excised ureter of the dog. Am. J. Physiol. 44: 275, 1917.
Roth, G.B.: Ephedrine on the ureter. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 39: 301, 1930
Satani, Y.: Experimental studies of the ureter. Amer. J. Physiol. 49: 474, 1919.
Schneider, D.H., Eichner, E., Gordon, M.B.: An attempt at production of hydronephrosis of pregnancy, artificially induced. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 65: 660, 1953.
Shalit, S., Morales, P.: Ureteral activity in paraplegia. J. Urol. 96: 875, 1966.
Sharkey, J., Boyarsky, S., Catacutan-Labay, P., Martinez, J.: The in vivo effects of histamine and benadryl on the peristalsis of the canine ureter and plasma potassium levels. Invest. Urol. 2: 417, 1965.
Sharkey, J., Kaplan, N., Newman, H.R., Elkin, M.: The role of potassium in ureteral physiology and pharmacology. Invest. Urol. 6: 119, 1968.
Sierp, M., Draper, J.W.: Peristalsis in the urinary tract. Experimental observations of the effect of various drugs on the musculature of the ureter. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 118: 7, 1964.
Shiratori, T., Chiba, K.: Electromyographic studies on urinary tract. IV. The effect of muscular relaxants on the EMG of the human and canine ureters. Tohoku J. Exp. Med. 74: 149, 1961.
Shiratori, T., Kinoshita, H.: Electromyographic studies on urinary tract. II. Electromyographic study on the genesis of peristaltic movement of the dog’s ureter. Tohoku J. Exp. Med. 73: 103, 1961.
Slaughter, D., Johnson, T.V., Tobalowsky, N., Van Duzen, R.: The effect of spasmolytic drugs on the isolated ureter. Texas Rep. Biol. Med. 3: 37, 1945.
Sleator, W., Jr., Butcher, H.R., Jr.: Action potentials and pressure changes in ureteral peristaltic waves. Am. J. Physiol. 189: 261, 1955.
Sonnenblick, E.H.: Force-velocity relations in mammalian heart muscle. Am. J. Physiol. 202: 931, 1962.
Struthers, N.W.: An experimental model for evaluating drug effects on the ureter. Br. J. Urol. 45: 23, 1973.
Sutherland, E.W., Rail, T.W.: The relation of adenosine-3′, 5′-phosphate, and phosphorylase to the actions of catecholamines and other hormones. Pharmacol. Rev. 12: 265, 1960.
Thackston, L.P., Price, N.C., Richardson, A.G.: Use of antispasmodics in treatment of spastic ureteritis. J. Urol. 73: 487, 1955.
Tindall, A.R.: Preliminary observations on the mechanical and electrical activity of the rat ureter. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 223: 633, 1972.
Trattner, H.R.: Graphic registration of the function of the human ureter with the hydrophoro- graph. Considerations in physiology and pathologic physiology of the ureter. J. Urol. 28: 1, 1932.
Uehara, Y., Burnstock, G.: Demonstration of “gap junctions” between smooth muscle cells. J. Cell. Biol. 44: 215, 1970.
van Wagenen, G., Jenkins, R.H.: An experimental examination of factors causing ureteral dilatation in pregnancy. J. Urol. 42: 1010, 1939.
Vereecken, R.L.: Dynamic Aspects of Urine Transport in the Ureter. Louvain, Acco, 1973.
Vereecken, R.L., Hendrickx, H., Casteels, R.: The influence of calcium on the electrical and mechanical activity of the guinea pig ureter. Urol. Res. 3: 149, 1975.
Vereecken, R., Hendrickx, H., Casteels, R.: Modification of the action potential of the guinea pig ureter by catecholamines. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 192: 208, 1971.
Washizu, Y.: Grouped discharges in ureter muscle. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 19: 713, 1966.
Washizu, Y.: Membrane potential and tension in guinea-pig ureter. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 158: 445, 1967.
Washizu, Y.: Procaine on smooth muscle. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 27: 121, 1968.
Washizu, Y.: Ouabain on excitation contraction in guinea pig ureter. Fed. Proc. 27: 662, 1968.
Wein, A.J., Leoni, J.V., Gregory, J.G., Schoenberg, H.W., Jacobowitz, D.: The effect of 6-hydroxydopamine on canine ureteral contractility. Further evidence in favor of a non- neurogenic theory of ureteral function. J. Urol. 108: 402, 1972.
Weinberg, S.R.: Application of physiologic principles to surgery of the ureter. Am. J. Surg. 103: 549, 1962.
Weinberg, S.R.: Electrophysiology of the ureter. Study by extraluminal recording electrode. J. Urol. 91: 482, 1964.
Weinberg, S.R., Maletta, J.J.: Measurement of peristalsis of the ureter and its relation to drugs. J.A.M.A. 175: 109, 1961.
Weiss, R.M.: Initiation and organization of ureteral peristalsis. Urol. Survey 26: 2, 1976.
Weiss, R.M., Bassett, A.L., Hoffman, B.F.: Effect of ouabain on contractility of the isolated ureter. Invest. Urol. 8: 161, 1970.
Weiss, R.M.: Bassett, A.L., Hoffman, B.F.: Adrenergic innervation of the ureter. Invest. Urol. 16: 123, 1978.
Weiss, R.M., Vulliemoz, Y., Verosky, M., Rosen, M.R., Triner, L.: Adenylate cyclase and phosphodiesterase activity in rabbit ureter. Invest. Urol. 15: 15, 1977.
Weiss, R.M., Wagner, M.L., Hoffman, B.F.: Localization of the pacemaker for peristalsis in the intact canine ureter. Invest. Urol. 5: 42, 1967.
Weiss, R.M., Zabinski, M.P., Biancani, P.: Adrenergic control of ureteral tonus. Invest. Urol. 12: 30, 1974.
Woodburne, R.T., Lapides, J.: The ureteral lumen during peristalsis. Am. J. Anat. 133: 255, 1972.
Wooster, M.J.: Effects of prostaglandin E1 on dog ureter in vitro. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 213: 51P, 1971.
Wu, P.P.T.: The relative activity of various portions of the excised ureter of the dog. J. Urol. 30: 307, 1933.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1981 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Weiss, R.M. (1981). Effect of Drugs on the Ureter. In: Bergman, H. (eds) The Ureter. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5907-7_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5907-7_6
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-5909-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-5907-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive