Skip to main content

Vestibular Nuclei: Neuronal Loss in Mice with Otoconial Agenesis and Evidence of Right-Left Asymmetry

  • Chapter
Book cover The Vestibular System: Function and Morphology

Abstract

The importance of sensory systems to brain development has been investigated in terms of transneuronal changes due to sensory deprivation. The bulk of these studies have involved the visual system, in part because of the relative ease with which the animal can be deprived of stimulation. Notably lacking in the literature are reports of the effects of vestibular deprivation. This is most unfortunate since some investigators (32) postulate the vestibular system to play a key role in brain development, whereas others have argued that vestibular deprivation may underlie some mental disorders. variety of mental disorders, most notably autism and schizophrenia, have been reported by many investigators to be associated with vestibular disorders or abnormalities (2,19,30,40,41,45,50,52,53). Further, increased vestibular stimulation has been reported to significantly ameliorate the symptoms of a number of mental and/or brain disorders (2,7,8,30,37). Thus, there are many reasons why a study of vestibular deprivation ought to be undertaken, but until recently there were no feasible ways of producing this deprivation except through surgical intervention and the attendant stress and trauma.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Barnay, R.: Uber die vom ohr labyrinth ausgeloste gegenrollung der augen bei Normalharenden, ohrenkranken u. Taubstummen. Arch. Ohrenheilk. 68(1): 1, 1906.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Bhatara, V., Clark, D.L., and Arnold, L.E.: Behavioral and nystagmus response of a hyperkinetic child to vestibular stimulation. Am. J. Occup. Ther. 32(5): 311, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Braitenberg, V. and Kemali, M.: Exceptions to bilateral symmetry in the epithalamus of lower vertebrates. J. Comp. Neurol. 138(2): 137, 1970.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Brodai, A. and Hoivik, B.: Site and mode of termination of primary vestibulocerebellar fibres in the cat. An experimental study with silver impregnation methods. Arch. Ital. Biol. 102:1, 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Carpenter, M.B.: Experimental anatomical-physiological studies of the vestibular nerve and cerebellar connections. In Rasmussen, G.L. and Windle, W.F., (eds.): Neural Mechanisms of the Auditory and Vestibular Systems. Springfield, Ill., Thomas, 1960, pp. 297–323.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Chan, Y.S., Hwang, J.C., and Cheung, Y.M.: Crossed sacculo-ocular pathway via the Deiters’ nucleus in cats. Brain Res. Bull. 2(1):1, 1977.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Chee, F.K.W., Kreutzberg, J.R., and Clark, D.L.: Semicircular canal stimulation in cerebral palsied children. Phys. Ther. 58:1071, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Clark, D.L., Kreutzberg, J.R., and Chee, F.K.W.: Vestibular stimulation influence on motor development in infants. Science 196:1228, 1977.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Clark, G.M. and Douglas, R.J.: Neuronal loss in the vestibular nuclei of mice lacking otoconia. Presented at Southwestern Psychological Association Meeting, Fort Worth, Texas, April, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Diamond, M.C., Johnson, R.E., and Ingham, C.A.: Morphological changes in the young, adult, and aging rat cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and diencephalon. Behav. Biol. 14:163, 1975.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Diamond, S., Markham, C.H., Simpson, N.E. and Carthoys, I.S.: Binocular counter rolling in humans during dynamic rotation. Acta Otolaryngol. 87:490, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Douglas, R.J., Clark, G.M., Erway, L.C., Hubbard, D.G., and Wright, C.G.: The effects of genetic vestibular defects upon behavior related to spatial orientation and emotionality. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 93(3):467, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Erway, L.C., Ghelarducci, B., Pompeiano, O., and Stanojevic, M.: Responses of cerebellar fastigial neurons to afferent inputs from neck muscles and macular labyrinthine receptors. Arch. Ital. Biol. 116:173, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Erway, L.C., Ghelarducci, B., Pompeiano, O., and Stanojevic, M.: Responses of cerebellar fastigial neurons to stimulation of contralateral macular labyrinthine receptors. Arch. Ital. Biol. 116:205, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Erway, L.C., Hurley, L.S., and Fraser, A.: Neurological defect: Manganese in phenocopy and prevention of a genetic abnormality of inner ear. Science 152:1766, 1966.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Erway, L.C., Hurley, L.S., and Fraser, A.: Congenital ataxia and otolith defects due to manganese deficiency in mice. J. Nutr. 100:643, 1970.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Erway, L.C., Hurley, L.S., and Fraser, A.: Prevention of congenital otolith defect in pallid mice by manganese supplementation. Genetics 67:97, 1971.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Fisher, M.H.: Untersuchungen über die Gegenrollung der Augen und die Lokalisation der scheinbaren vertikalen bei seitlicher Neigung des Gesamt-korpers bis zu 360° Il. Mitteliung. v. Graefes. Arch. Ophthalmol. 123:476, 1930.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Frank, J. and Levinson, H.: Dysmetric dyslexia and dyspraxia. J. Am. Acad. Child Psychiat. 12:690, 1973.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Fredrickson, J.M., Schwarz, D., and Kornhuber, H.H.: Convergence and interaction of vestibular and deep somatic afferents upon neurons in the vestibular nuclei of the cat. Acta Otolaryngol. (Stockh.) 61:168, 1966.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Gacek, R.R.: The course and central termination of first order neurons supplying vestibular endorgans in the cat. Acta Otolaryngol. (Stockh.) 254:1, 1969.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Ghelarducci, B.: Responses of the cerebellar fastigial neurons to tilt. Pflugers Arch. 334:195, 1973.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Ghelarducci, B., Pompeiano, O., and Spyer, K.M.: Distribution of the neuronal responses to static tilts within the cerebellar fastigial nucleus. Arch. Ital. Biol. 112:126, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Glick, S.D., Jerussi, T.P., and Zimmerberg, B.: Behavioral and neurophar-macological correlates of nigro-striatal asymmetry in rats. In Harnad, S. (ed.): Lateralization in the Nervous System. New York, Academic Press, 1977, pp. 213–249.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Globus, A.: Brain morphology as a function of presynaptic morphology and activity. In Riesen, A.H. (ed.): The Developmental Neuropsychology of Sensory Deprivation. New York, Academic Press, 1975, pp. 9–91.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Harper, J.W. and Heath, R.G.: Anatomic connections of the fastigial nucleus to the rostral forebrain in the cat. Exp. Neurol. 39:285, 1973.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Henkel, C.K. and Martin, G.F.: The vestibular complex of the American opossum, Didelphis virginiana. J. Comp. Neurol. 172:299, 1977.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Hoffman, R.B., Salinas, G.A., and Baky, A.A.: Behavioral analyses of killifish exposed to weightlessness in the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 48:712, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Hoffman, R.B., Salinas, G.A., Baky, A.A., Boyd, J.F., and von Baumgarten, R.J.: Effect of pre-hatching weightlessness on adult fish behavior in dynamic environments. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 49(4):576, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Kantner, R.M., Clark, D.L., Allen, L.C., and Chase, M.F.: Effects of vestibular stimulation on nystagmus response and motor performance in the develop-mentally delayed infant. Phys. Ther. 56:414, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Kimm, J., Hassul, M., and Cogdell, B.: Fastigial neuronal responses to sinusoidal horizontal rotation. Exp. Neurol. 50(3):579, 1976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Klosovskii, B.N. (ed.): The Development of the Brain and Its Disturbance by Harmful Factors. Oxford, Pergamon Press, 1963.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Kompanejetz, S.: Investigation on the counter rolling of the eyes in optimum head positions. Acta Otolaryngol. (Stockh.) 12:332, 1928.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Kotchabhakdi, N. and Walberg, F.: Primary vestibular afferent projections to the cerebellum as demonstrated by retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase. Brain Res. 142:142, 1978.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Kovac, W. and Denk, H.: Der Hirnstamm der Maus. New York, Springer-Verlag, 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Lyon, M.F.: Hereditary absence of otolith in the house mouse. J. Physiol. 114:410, 1951.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Mason, W.A.: Early social deprivation in non-human primates: Implications for human behavior in environmental influences. In Glass, D.C. (ed.): Environmental Influences. New York, Rockefeller University Press and Russell Sage Foundation, 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Miller, E.F., II: Counter rolling of the human eyes produced by head tilt with respect to gravity. Acta Otolaryngol. 54:479, 1962.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. O’Leary, J.: Abnormalities in the brainstem associated with malformations of the ear. Anat. Rec. 55:223, 1933.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Ornitz, E.M.: Vestibular dysfunction in schizophrenia and childhood autism. Compr. Psychiatry 11:159, 1970.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. deQuiros, J.B.: Diagnosis of vestibular disorders in the learning disabled. J. Learn. Dis. 9:39, 1976.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Rasch, E., Swift, H., Riesen, A.H., and Chow, K.L.: Altered structure and composition of retinal cells in dark reared mammals. Exp. Cell Res. 25:521, 1961.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Reiss, D.J., Doba, N., and Nathan, M.A.: Predatory attack, grooming, and con-summatory behaviors evoked by electrical stimulation of cat cerebellar nuclei. Science 182:845, 1973.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Riesen, A.H. (ed.): The Developmental Neuropsychology of Sensory Deprivation. New York, Academic Press, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Ritvo, E., Ornitz, E., Eviatar, A., et al.: Decreased nystagmus in early infantile autism. Neurology 19:653, 1969.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Ross, H.D.: Auditory pathway of the epileptic waltzing mouse. I. A comparison of the acoustic pathways of the normal mouse with those of the totally deaf epileptic waltzer. J. Comp. Neurol. 119:317, 1962.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Ross, H.D.: The auditory pathway of the epileptic waltzing mouse. II. Partially deaf mice. J. Comp. Neurol. 125:141, 1965.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Ruggiero, D., Balton, R.R., III, Jayaraman, A., and Carpenter, M.B.: Brain stem afferents to the fastigial nucleus in the cat demonstrated by transport of horseradish peroxidase. J. Comp. Neurol. 172:189, 1977.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Scheid, H.W., Baky, A., Boyd, J.F., et al.: Killifish hatching and orientation MS-161. In: Apollo-Soyuz Test Project Final Science Report. NASA Special Publications SP-412, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Schilder, P.: The vestibular apparatus in neurosis and psychosis. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 78:137, 1933.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Smith, D.E.: The effect of deafferentation on the development of brain and spinal nuclei. Prog. Neurobiol. 8:349, 1977.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Steinberg, M. and Rendle-Short, J.: Vestibular dysfunction in young children with minor neurological impairment. Dev. Med. Child Neurol. 19:639, 1977.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Torok, N. and Peristein, M.A.: Vestibular findings in cerebral palsy. Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. 71:51, 1962.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Vinnikov, Y.A.: The evolution of the gravitation receptor and its investigation under conditions of acceleration and weightlessness. Arkh. Anat. 66:10, 1974.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Vinnikov, Y.A., et al.: Struktur ana i funktsional’ naya organizatsiya vestibulyar-nogo apparata hrys, prebyvavshikh y usloviyakh nebesosti 19.5 dney na sputnikye “Kosmos-782.” Arkh. Anat. Cistol. Embriol. 1:22, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Vinnikov, Y.A., et al.: The development of the vestibular apparatus (the labyrinth) of the frog Rana temporaria under conditions of weightlessness. Z. Evol. Biokhim. Fiziol. 7:343, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Vinnikov, Y.A., et al.: The development of the vestibular apparatus under conditions of weightlessness. Arkh. Anat. Gistol. Embriol.:11, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Von Baumgarten, R.J., Simmonds, R.C., Boyd, J.F., and Garriott, O.K.: Effects of prolonged weightlessness on the swimming pattern of fish aboard Skylab 3. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 46:902, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  59. Webster, D.B. and Webster, M.: Neonatal sound deprivation affects brain stem auditory nuclei. Arch. Otolaryngol. 103:392, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Webster, W.G. and Webster, I.H.: Anatomical asymmetry of the cerebral hemisphere of the cat brain. Physiol. Behav. 14:867, 1975.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Witelson, S.F.: Anatomical asymmetry in the temporal lobes: its documentation, phylogenesis, and relationship to functional asymmetry. In Diamond, S. (ed.): Evolution and lateralization of the brain. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 299:328, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1981 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Clark, G.M., Douglas, R.J., Erway, L.C., Hubbard, D.G. (1981). Vestibular Nuclei: Neuronal Loss in Mice with Otoconial Agenesis and Evidence of Right-Left Asymmetry. In: Gualtierotti, T. (eds) The Vestibular System: Function and Morphology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5902-2_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5902-2_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-5904-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-5902-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics