Abstract
Trace amines are possibly involved in some psychiatric disorders (Boulton, 1980). β-Phenylethylamine, for example, is chemically similar to amphetamine, and can induce behavioural effects in laboratory animals resembling those of amphetamine (Mantegazza and Riva, 1963). Amphetamine abuse in large doses is often associated with homicidal violence (Ellinwood, 19071; Allen et al., 1975). Paradoxically amphetamine can suppress aggressive behaviour (Miczek, 1974) and hyperactivity in children (Arnold et al., 1978). It has been argued that the hyperactive child syndrome and adult psychopathy are related in that a common pathophysiological condition of low CNS arousal states may underlie both conditions (Satterfield, 1978). β-Phenylethylamine has, therefore, become a center of interest in research on mental disorders. Trace amines are metabolized rapidly (Wu and Boulton 1975; Philips and Boulton, 1979; Durden and Philips, 1980). Enzymes involved in the catabolism of the trace amines, monoamine oxidase (MAO) and phenolsulfotransferase (PST), as well as the trace acid metabolites themselves have been analyzed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Allen R.P., Safer D. and Covi L. (1975). Effects of psycho stimulants on aggression. J. Nerv. Ment. Disord. 160, 138–145.
Arnold L.E., Christopher J., Huestis R. and Smeltzer D.J. (1978). Methylphenidate vs. dextroamphetamine vs. caffeine in minimal brain dysfunction: controlled comparison by placebo without design with Bayes analysis. Arch. Gen. Psychiat. 35, 463–473.
Barkley R. (1977). A review of stimulant drug research with hyperactive children. J. Child Psychol. Psychiat. 18, 137–165.
Boulton A.A. (1980) Trace amines and mental disorders. Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 7, 261–263.
Boulton A.A., Davis B.A., Yu P.H., Wormith J.S. and Addington D. (1983). Trace acid levels in the plasma and MAO activity in the platelets of violent offenders. Psychiat. Res. 8, 19–23.
Davis B.A., Durden D.A and Boulton A.A. (in press). Simultaneous analysis of twelve biogenic amine metabolites in plasma, cerebral spinal fluid and urine by capillary column gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry with selected ion monitoring. J. Chromat. Biomed. Appl.
Dourish C.T., Davis B.A., Dyck L.E., Jones R.S.G. and Boulton A.A. (1982). Alteration in trace amine and trace acid concentrations in isolated aggressive mice. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 17, 1291–1294.
Durden D.A. and Philips S.R. (1980). Kinetic measurement of the turnover rates of phenylethylamine and tryptamine in vivo in the rat brain. J. Neurochem. 34, 1725–1732.
Ellinwood E.H. (1971). Assault and homocide associated with amphetamine abuse. Am. J. Psychiat. 127, 1170–1175.
Mantegazza R. and Riva M. (1963). Amphetamine-like activity of beta-phenylethylamine after monoamine oxidase inhibitor in vivo. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 15,472–478.
Miczek K.A. (1974). Inter species aggression in rats: effects of d-amphetamine and chlordiazepoxide. Psychopharmacol. 39, 279–301.
Philips S.R. and Boulton A.A. (1979). The effect of monoamine oxidase inhibitors on some arylakylamines in rat striatum. J. Neurochem. 33, 159–167.
Reveley A.M. Bonham-Carter S.M., Reveley M.A. and Sandler M. (1984). A genetic study of platelet phenolsulphotransferase activity in normal and schizophrenic twins. J. Psychiat. Res. 17, 303–307.
Roth J.A. and Riveti J. (1982). Does sulfate conjugation contribute the metabolic inactivation of catecholamines in human? Biochem. Pharmacol. 31, 3017–3021.
Sabelli H.C., Fawcett J., Gusovsky F., Javaid J. and Edwards J. (1983). Urinary phenyl acetate: A diagnostic test for depressioin. Science 220, 1187–1188.
Sandler M., Bonham-Carter S.M. and Walker P.L. (1983).Tyramine and depressive illness, in Neurobiology of the Trace Amines (eds. A.A. Boulton, G.B. Baker, W.G. Dewhurst and M. Sandler) pp. 487–498, Humana Press, Clifton, New Jersey.
Sandler M., Ruthven C.R.J., Goodwin B.L., Field H. and Matthews R. (1978). Phenylethylamine overproduction in aggressive psychopaths. The Lancet 2, 1269–1270.
Satterfield J.H. (1978). The hyperactive child syndrome: a precursor of adult psychopathy? In, Psychopathic Behavior: Approaches to Research (eds. R.D. Hare and D. Schalling) pp. 329–346, John Wi1ey, New York.
Shekim W.O., Davis L.G., Bylund D.B., Brunngraber E., Fikes L. and Lanham J. (1982). Platelet MAO in children with attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity: a pilot study. Am. J. Psychiat. 139, 936–938.
Wu P.H. and Boulton A.A. (1975). Metabolism, distribution and disappearance of injected b-phenylethyl-amine in the rat. Can. J. Biochem. 53, 42–50.
Wyatt R.J., Murphy D.L., Belmaker R., Cohen S., Donnelly C.M. and Pollin W. (1973). Reduced monoamine oxidase activity in platelets: a possible genetic marker for vulnerability to schizophrenia. Science 179, 916–917.
Yu P.H., Bowen R., Carlson K., O’Sullivan K. and Boulton A.A. (1982a). A comparison of some biochemical properties of platelet monoamine oxidase in some mentally disordered and healthy individuals. Psychiat. Res. 6, 107–121.
Yu P.H., Bowen R., Davis B.A. and Boulton A.A. (1983). Platelet monoamine oxidase activity and trace acid levels in plasma of agoraphobic patients. Acta Psychiat. Sand. 67, 188–194.
Yu P.H., Rozdilsky B. and Boulton A.A. (1985). (In press). The sulfate conjugation of monoamines in human brain: purification and some properties of an arylamine sulfotransferase from cerebral cortex. J. Neurochem.
Zametkin A.J., Karoum F., Linnoila M., Rapaport J.L., Brown G.L., Chuang L.W. and Wyatt R.J. (1985). Stimulants, urinary catecholamines, and indoleamines in hyperactivity: a comparison of methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine. Arch. Gen. Psychiat. 42, 251–255.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1985 The Humana Press Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Yu, P.H. et al. (1985). Further Studies on Platelet Monoamine Oxidase and Phenolsulfotransferase and Plasma Levels of Acid Metabolites in Aggressive and Non-aggressive Prisoners and Children with Attention Deficit Disorders. In: Boulton, A.A., Maitre, L., Bieck, P.R., Riederer, P. (eds) Neuropsychopharmacology of the Trace Amines. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5010-4_35
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5010-4_35
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9397-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-5010-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive