Abstract
Prothoracicotropic hormone (PITH) is an important insect ecdysiotropin that is produced in the brain, and upon release into the hemolymph, stimulates the prothoracic glands (PGs) to produce ecdysteroid (Gilbert et al., 1980). Until recently, ecdysone was believed to be the only ecdysteroid secreted by the PGs. However, it is now known for both the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta (Warren et al., 1988) and the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (Kelly et al., unpublished results) that the PGs produce 3-dehydroecdysone which is converted by a ketoreductase to ecdysone and finally by peripheral tissues to the molting hormone, 20-hydroxyecdysone.
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References
Gelman D.B. and Woods, C.W. (1986) Ecdysteroid conjugates in pupal and pharate adult haemolymph of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner). Insect Biochem. 16: 99–108.
Kelly T.A., Masler E.P., Thyagaraja B.S., Bell R.A. and Borkovec A.B. (1986) Prothoracicotropic hormone stimulation of ecdysone snythesis by the prothoracic glands of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar. In Insect Neuro-chemistry and Neurophysiology 1986 (Ed. by Borkovec A.B. and Gelman D.B.) pp 327–330, Humana Press, Clifton, New Jersey.
Warren, J.T., Sakurai S., Rountree D.B., Gilbert L.I., Lee,S.S. and Nakanishi K. (1988) Regulation of the ecdysteroid titre of Manduca sexta: Reappraisal of the role of the prothoracic glands. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 85: 958–962.
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Gelman, D.B., Thyagaraja, B.S., Kelly, T.J., Masler, E.P., Bell, R.A., Borkovec, A.B. (1990). Ecdysiotropins and Ketoreductase in the Brain of the European Corn Borer, Ostrinia Nubilalis Promote the Production of Ecdysone and 3-Dehydroecdysone by Prothoracic Glands of the Gypsy Moth. Lymantria Dispar.. In: Borkovec, A.B., Masler, E.P. (eds) Insect Neurochemistry and Neurophysiology · 1989 ·. Experimental and Clinical Neuroscience. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4512-4_44
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4512-4_44
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