Abstract
We can build a very sophisticated nonlinear invariant theory from springs and dashpots. A spring and dashpot in series is called a Maxwell element (Figure 1.1). The spring constant is called G and the force σ1 in the spring is Gγ1 where γ1 is the displacement of the spring. The force σ2 the dashpot is η(∂γ/∂t)2 where η is the viscosity and (∂γ/∂t)2 is the velocity, the time rate of change of γ2, and because they are in series, σ1=σ2=σ.
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© 1990 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Joseph, D.D. (1990). Models Like Maxwell’s and Boltzmann’s. In: Fluid Dynamics of Viscoelastic Liquids. Applied Mathematical Sciences, vol 84. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4462-2_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4462-2_1
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