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Neoplastic Transformation: Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressors, Cyclins, and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases

  • Chapter
Hormones and Cancer

Part of the book series: Hormones in Health and Disease ((HHD))

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Abstract

Cancer is a genetic disease that results from multiple genomic changes. These ultimately lead to the deregulation of the cell cycle machinery and to autonomous cell proliferation. Neoplastic transformation involves four sets of genes: 1) oncogenes, 2) tumor-suppressor genes, 3) mutator genes, and 4) apoptotic genes. In the hematopoietic system, the first step in oncogenesis is the activation of an oncogene that may then be followed by the activation of an additional oncogene and/or the loss of function of a tumor-suppressor gene. The activation of oncogenes may play a predominant role in the formation of sarcomas as well. Tumors of both the hematopoietic system and soft tissues exhibit a karyotype close to normal. On the other hand, carcinomas, the most prevalent forms of cancer, are predominantly due to the loss of function of tumor-suppressor genes with multiple sites of loss of heterozygosity (LOH), and they have dramatic alterations in the karyotype (Rabbitts, 1994).

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Authors
  1. Candace M. Howard
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  2. Antonio Giordano
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Medical Center, 1901 Perdido Street, 70112-1393, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Wayne V. Vedeckis

  2. Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, 1901 Perdido Street, 70112-1393, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Wayne V. Vedeckis

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© 1996 Birkhäuser Boston

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Howard, C.M., Giordano, A. (1996). Neoplastic Transformation: Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressors, Cyclins, and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases. In: Vedeckis, W.V. (eds) Hormones and Cancer. Hormones in Health and Disease. Birkhäuser Boston. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4266-6_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4266-6_1

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Boston

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-8715-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-4266-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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