Neutral Hydrogen and the Diffuse Interstellar Medium

Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.; Heiles, Carl

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3936-9_3

Neutral Hydrogen and the Diffuse Interstellar Medium

Shrinivas R. Kulkarni &
Carl Heiles

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Abstract

Neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) is an important component of the interstellar medium (ISM). The Galaxy has been estimated to contain about 4.8 x 10⁹ M⊙ of HI (Henderson et al. 1982)*. Estimates for the total amount of H2 range from 3.5 x 10⁹ M_⊙ (Sanders et al. 1984), nearly equal to the HI estimate, to a value that is only 25% of the HI estimate (Bloemen et al. 1986). Galactic HI constitutes about 4.4% of the mass of the visible matter (Bahcall et al. 1983). The mean surface density distribution of HI is roughly constant from about 4 kpc to 20 kpc; however, HI dominates H₂ in mass beyond Galactocentric radius 8 kpc (Blitz et al. 1983). Unlike H₂, HI is not concentrated in a small number of giant clouds. Estimates of the “filling factor”, the fraction of the Galactic interstellar space occupied by hydrogen, range from 20% to 90%. These factors establish the preeminence of atomic hydrogen in the dynamics and evolution of the ISM.

Keywords

Column Density
Scale Height
Faraday Rotation
Galactic Plane
Zeeman Splitting

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Shrinivas R. Kulkarni
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Kulkarni, S.R., Heiles, C. (1988). Neutral Hydrogen and the Diffuse Interstellar Medium. In: Verschuur, G.L., Kellermann, K.I. (eds) Galactic and Extragalactic Radio Astronomy. Astronomy and Astrophysics Library. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3936-9_3

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