Abstract
The nerves that terminate on the carotid body’s glomus cells have been a morphological curiosity since de Castro deduced that they have a sensory function (1), but it was not until the nerve endings were examined with the electron microscope that some of their most interesting features were recognized. One such feature is the presence of numerous 60-nm cytoplasmic vesicles, which resemble the synaptic vesicles of efferent (motor) nerves (2–4). Some of these vesicles cluster near morphologically typical synaptic junctions at which the nerves are presynaptic to glomus cells. Larger vesicles with electron-dense cores are also present in the nerve endings.
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
de Castro F (1928). Sur la structure et l’innervation du sinus carotidien de l’homme et des mammiferes: Nouveaux faits sur l’innervation et la fonction du glomus caroticum. Trab Lab Invest Biol Univ Madrid 25: 330–380.
Verna A (1979). Ultrastructure of the carotid body in the mammals. Int Rev Cytol 60: 271–330.
McDonald DM (1981). Peripheral chemoreceptors: structure-function relationships of the carotid body. In: Hornbein TF (Ed). Regulation of Breathing, Part I. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc. pp 105–319.
Pallot DJ (1987). The Mammalian Carotid Body. Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol 102:1–91.
Biscoe TJ, Lall A, Sampson SR (1970). Electron microscopic and electro-physiological studies on the carotid body following intracranial section of the glossopharyngeal nerve. J Physiol (Lond) 208: 133–152.
Biscoe TJ (1971). Carotid body: structure and function. Physiol Rev 51: 427–495.
Morgan SE, Pallot DJ, Willshaw P (1981). The effect of ventilation with different concentrations of oxygen upon the synaptic vesicle density in nerve endings of the cat carotid body. Neuroscience 6: 1461–1467.
Biscoe TJ, Pallot DJ (1982). The carotid body chemoreceptor: an investigation in the mouse. Quart J Exper Physiol 67: 557–576.
Taha AAM, King AS (1983). Autoradiographic observations on the innervation of the carotid body of the domestic fowl. Brain Res 266: 193–201.
Hoyes AD, Barber P, Jagessar H (1982). Location in the nodose ganglion of the perikarya of neurons whose axons distribute in the epithelium of the rat trachea. J Anat 134: 265–271.
Szolcsanyi J, Jancso-Gabor A, Joo F (1975). Functional and fine structural characteristics of the sensory neuron blocking effect of capsaicin. NaunynSchmiedeberg’s Arch Pharmacol 287: 157–169.
Hua X-Y, Theodorsson-Norheim E, Brodin E, Lundberg JM, Hökfelt T (1985). Multiple tachykinins (neurokinin A, neuropeptide K, and substance P) in capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons in the guinea pig. Regulatory Peptides 13: 119.
Franco-Cereceda A, Henke H, Lundberg JM, Petermann JB, Hökfelt T, Fischer JA (1987). Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in capsaicin-sensitive substance P-immunoreactive sensory neurons in animals and man: distribution and release by capsaicin. Peptides 8: 399–410.
Bruce AN (1910). Über die Beziehung der sensiblen Nervenendigungen zum Entzündungsvorgang. Archiv fur Experimentelle Pathologie and Pharmakologie 63: 424–33.
Chapman LF, Ramos AO, Goodell H, Wolff H (1961). Neurohumoral features of afferent fibers in man. Arch Neurol 4: 617–650.
Jancso N, Jancso-Gabor A, Szolcsanyi J (1967). Direct evidence for neurogenic inflammation and its prevention by denervation and by pretreatment with capsaicin. Br J Pharmacol Chemother 31: 138–151.
Lundberg JM, Saria M (1982). Capsaicin-sensitive vagal neurons involved in control of vascular permeability in rat trachea. Acta Physiol Scand 115: 521–523.
Levine JD, Clark R, Devor M, Helms C, Moskowitz MA, Basbaum AI (1984). Intraneuronal substance P contributes to the severity of experimental arthritis. Science 226: 547–549.
McDonald DM (1988). Neurogenic inflammation in the rat trachea. I. Changes in venules, leucocytes, and epithelial cells. J Neurocytol 17: 583–603.
Heuser JE, Reese TS (1973). Evidence for recycling of synaptic vesicle membrane during transmitter release at the frog neuromuscular junction. J Cell Biol 57: 315–344.
Pysh JJ, Wiley RG (1974). Synaptic vesicle depletion and recovery in cat sympathetic ganglia electrically stimulated in vivo. Evidence for transmitter secretion by exocytosis. J Cell Biol 60: 365–374.
McDonald DM (1977). Ultrastructural changes in sensory nerve endings accompanying increased chemoreceptor activity: a morphometric study of the rat carotid body. In: Acker H, Fidone S, Pallot D, Eyzaguirre C, Lubbers DW, Torrance RW (Eds). Chemoreception in the Carotid Body, Berlin: Springer-Verlag. pp 207–215.
McDonald DM (1980). Regulation of chemoreceptor sensitivity in the carotid body: the role of presynaptic sensory nerves. Fed Proc 39: 2627–2635.
Pallot DJ, Blakeman N (1986). Quantitative studies of rat carotid body type I cell nerve endings. Acta Anat 126: 212–217.
Miller TM, Heuser JE (1984). Endocytosis of synaptic vesicle membrane at the frog neuromuscular junction. J Cell Biol 98: 685–698.
McDonald DM, Mitchell RA (1975). The innervation of glomus cells, ganglion cells and blood vessels in the rat carotid body: a quantitative ultrastructural analysis. J Neurocytol 4: 177–230.
Lundberg JM, Lundblad L, Anggard A, Martling C-R, Theodorsson-Norheim E, Stjarne P, Hökfelt TG (1988). Bioactive peptides in capsaicin-sensitive C-fiber afferents of the airways. Functional and pathophysiological implications. In: Kaliner MA, Barnes PJ (Eds). The Airways. Neural Control in Health and Disease, New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc. pp 417–445.
Merighi A, Polak JM, Fumagalli G, Theodosis DT (1989). Ultrastructural localization of neuropeptides and GABA in rat dorsal horn: a comparison of different immunogold labeling techniques. J Histochem Cytochem 37: 529–540.
Matteoli M, Haimann C, Torri-Tarelli F, Polak JM, Ceccarelli B, De Camilli P (1988). Differential effect of alpha-latrotoxin on exocytosis from small synaptic vesicles and from large dense-core vesicles containing calcitonin gene-related peptide at the frog neuromuscular junction. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85: 7366–7370.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this paper
Cite this paper
McDonald, D.M. (1990). Hypoxia and Hypercapnia Deplete Clear Vesicles but Not Dense-Cored Vesicles in the Carotid Body’s Sensory Nerves. In: Eyzaguirre, C., Fidone, S.J., Fitzgerald, R.S., Lahiri, S., McDonald, D.M. (eds) Arterial Chemoreception. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3388-6_32
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3388-6_32
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-7993-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-3388-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive