Skip to main content

Oral Contraceptives and Plasma Lipoprotein Metabolism

  • Chapter
Contraception

Part of the book series: Clinical Perspectives in Obstetrics and Gynecology ((CPOG))

  • 138 Accesses

Abstract

While the relationship of oral contraceptive (OC) use to cardiovascular disease (CVD) is likely to be multifactorial, OC effects on plasma lipid and lipoprotein metabolism are potentially important.1,2 Commonly used OC preparations result in elevations in plasma triglycerides (TG), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and reductions in high-density lipoproteins (HDL), particularly the HDL2 subclass. In this chapter, hormonally mediated lipid and lipoprotein metabolic alterations and effects of commonly used combination OC preparations are described within the general context of lipoprotein metabolism and the relationship of lipoprotein parameters to CVD.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Slone D, Shapiro S, Kaufman DW. Risk of myocardial infarction in relation to current and discontinued use of oral contraceptives. N Engl J Med 1981; 305: 420–424.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Stadel BW. Oral contraceptives and cardio-vascular disease. N Engl J Med 1981; 305: 672–677.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. de Graaf J, Hak-Lemmers HLM, Hectors MPC, Denmarcker PNM, Hendriks JCM, Stalenhoef AFH. Enhanced susceptibility to in vitro oxidation of the dense low density lipoprotein subfraction in healthy subjects. Arterioscl Thromb 1991; 11: 298.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Tribble DL, Holl LG, Wood PD, Krauss RM. Variations in oxidative susceptibility among low density lipoprotein subfractions of differing density and particle size. Atherosclerosis 1992; 93: 189–199.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Austin MA, Breslow JL, Hennekens CH, Buring JE, Willet WC, Krauss RM. Low-density lipoprotein subclass patterns and risk of myocardial infarction. J Am Med Assoc 1988; 260: 1917.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Musliner T, Krauss RM. Lipoprotein subspecies and risk of coronary disease. Clin Chem 1988; 33: B78–B83.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Ohta T, Takata K, Horiuchi S, et al. Protective effects of lipoproteins containing apoprotein A-I on Cu2 + -catalyzed oxidation of human low density lipoprotein. FEBS Lett 1989; 257: 435–438.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Parthasarathy S, Barnett J, Fong LG. High-density lipoprotein inhibits the oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein. Biochim Biophys Acta 1990; 1044: 275–283.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Gianturco SH, Bradley WA. Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and their role in atherogenesis. Curr Opin Lipidol 1991; 42: 324–328.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Walsh BW, Schiff I, Rosner B, et al. Effects of postmenopausal estrogen replacement on the concentrations and metabolism of plasma lipoproteins. N Engl J Med 1991; 325: 1196–1204.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Tikkanen MJ, Nikkila EA. Oral contraceptives and lipoprotein metabolism. J Reprod Med 1986; 31: 898–905.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Schaefer EJ, Foster DM, Zech LA, et al. The effects of estrogen administration on plasma lipoprotein metabolism in premenopausal fe-males. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983; 57: 262–267.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Applebaum D, Goldberg AP, Pykalisto OJ. et al. Effects of estrogens on post-heparin lipolytic activity. Selective decline in hepatic triglyceride lipase. J Clin Invest 1977; 59: 601–608.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Tikkanen MJ, Nikkila EA, Kuusi T, et al. High density lipoprotein-2 and hepatic lipase: reciprocal changes produced by estrogen and norgestrol. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1981; 54: 1113.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Dorflinger LJ. Relative potency of progestins used in oral contraceptives. Contraception 1985; 31: 557–570.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Spellacy WN. Carbohydrate metabolism in male infertility and female-fertility control patients. Fertil Steril 1976; 27: 1132–1141.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Wahl P, Waiden C, Knopp R, Hoover J. Effect of estrogen/progestin potency on lipid/ lipoprotein cholesterol. N Engl J Med 1983; 308: 862–867.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Perlman JA, Krauss RM, Ray R, et al. Smoking, oral contraceptives, and other risk factors for atherosclerotic heart disease. In Rosenberg M (ed): Smoking and Reproductive Health. New York, Praeger Medical, 1987; 27–35.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Godsland IF, Crook D, Simpson R, Proudler T, Felton C, Lees B, Anyaoku V, Devenport M, Wynn V. The effects of different formulations of oral contraceptive agents on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 1375–1381.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Godsland IF, Crook D, Wynn V. Coronary heart disease risk markers in users of low-dose oral contraceptives. J Reprod Med 1991; 36: 226–237.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Lipson A, Stoy DB, LaRosa JC. et al. Progestin and oral contraceptive-induced lipoprotein changes: a prospective study. Contraception 1986; 34: 21–134.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Burkman RT, Robinson JC, Kruszon-Moran D, et al. Lipid and lipoprotein changes associated with oral contraceptive use: a randomized clinical trial. Obstet Gynecol 1988; 71: 33–38.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Krauss RM, Roy S, Mishell DR Jr, et al. Effects of low-dose oral contraceptives on serum lipids and lipoproteins: differential changes in high density lipoprotein subclasses. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1983; 145: 446–452.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Lussier-Cacan S, Nestruck AC, Arslanian H, Xhignesse M, Davignon J, Kafrissen ME, Chapdelaine A. Influence of a triphasic oral contraceptive preparation on plasma lipids and lipoproteins. Fertil Steril 1990; 53: 28–34.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Bringer J. Norgestimate: a clinical overview of a new progestin. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992; 66: 1969–1977.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Kuusi T, Nikkila EA, Tikkanen MJ, Sipinen S. Effects of two progestins with different androgenic properties on hepatic endothelial lipase and high density lipoprotein 2. Atherosclerosis 1985; 54: 251–262.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Kauppinen-Makelin R, Kuusi T, Ylikorkala O, Tikkanen MJ. Contraceptives containing desogesterol or levonorgestrel have different effects on serum lipoproteins and post-heparin plasma lipase activities. Clin Endocrin 1992; 36: 203–209.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Fioretti P, Fruzetti F, Navalesi R, et al. Clinical and metabolic study of a new pill containing 20 meg ethinylestradiol plus O.150 meg desogestrol. Contraception 1987; 35: 229–243.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Ylikorkala O, Kuusi T, Tikkanen MJ, et al. Desogestrol- and levonorgestrel-containing oral contraceptives have different effects on urinary excretion of prostacyclin metabolites and serum high density lipoproteins. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1987; 65: 1238–1242.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Krauss RM. Contraceptive steroid effects on serum lipoproteins and lipoprotein subclasses. In Blye R, Gregiore A (eds): Contraceptive Steroids: Pharmacology and Safety. New York, Plenum Publishers, 1986; 321 - 338.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1993 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Krauss, R.M., Tribble, D.L. (1993). Oral Contraceptives and Plasma Lipoprotein Metabolism. In: Shoupe, D., Haseltine, F.P. (eds) Contraception. Clinical Perspectives in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2730-4_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2730-4_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-7645-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-2730-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics