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Expression of Human Placental Hormone Genes in Growing and Growth-Inhibited (Transitional) Trophoblasts

  • Conference paper
Trophoblast Cells

Part of the book series: Serono Symposia, USA Norwell, Massachusetts ((SERONOSYMP))

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Abstract

Villous cytotrophoblasts are able to develop into syncytiotrophoblast in the placenta. This transition involves changes in cell structure and loss of cell division, as well as an induction or increase of placental hormone production. Human choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cells resemble vinous cytotrophoblasts. Treatment of JEG-3 cells with the chemotherapeutic drug methotrexate (MTX) results in a trophoblast that has structural and biochemical characteristics intermediate between a cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast. The effects of acute MTX treatment include an apparent increase in nuclear and cell diameter, a decrease in c-myc mRNA levels, and an inhibition of proliferation. Upon withdrawal of MTX treatment, the effects on c-myc mRNA expression and cell division are reversed. An inverse relationship between c-myc andchorionic gonadotropin (CG) RNA expression was revealed since α- and β- chorionic gonadotropin (CGα and CGβ) mRNA levels increase with MTX treatment, but decrease following removal of MTX. No effect on endogenous chorionic somatomammotropin (CS; placental lactogen [PL]) RNA levels was detected. Using hybrid CS genes and gene transfer, however, the CS-A promoter was found to be active, and a 2- to 3-fold stimulation of this activity was observed following MTX treatment. The MTX responsive element was localized to a 35-bp region of the CS-A and CS-B gene 3′ flanking DNA that is also part of the placenta-specific enhancer.

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Authors
  1. M. W. Nachtigal
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  2. B. E. Nickel
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  3. M. E. Bock
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  4. A. Lytras
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  5. S. K. B. Pasumarthi
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  6. P. A. Cattini
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 66160, Kansas City, KS, USA

    Michael J. Soares Ph.D.

  2. Department of Biology, Sinsheimer Laboratories, University of California, 95064, Santa Cruz, CA, USA

    Frank Talamantes Ph.D.

  3. Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 45229, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Stuart Handwerger M.D.

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© 1993 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.

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Nachtigal, M.W., Nickel, B.E., Bock, M.E., Lytras, A., Pasumarthi, S.K.B., Cattini, P.A. (1993). Expression of Human Placental Hormone Genes in Growing and Growth-Inhibited (Transitional) Trophoblasts. In: Soares, M.J., Talamantes, F., Handwerger, S. (eds) Trophoblast Cells. Serono Symposia, USA Norwell, Massachusetts. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2718-2_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2718-2_20

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-7641-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-2718-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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