Abstract
Biological monitoring is the application of assessment techniques using plants or other biological material to gain information about the quality and condition of the environment (Cairns 1980). Plants are greatly affected by the physical and chemical environment in which they live. If conditions become altered, the exposed plant community can accurately reflect these changes and can thus be important indicators of the state of the environment (Nash 1988). Plants also collect contaminants from the air and soil and can be sampled from various geographic locations to assess the amount of contaminant present.
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Beckett, P.J. (1995). Lichens: Sensitive Indicators of Improving Air Quality. In: Gunn, J.M. (eds) Restoration and Recovery of an Industrial Region. Springer Series on Environmental Management. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2520-1_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2520-1_6
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