Abstract
The persistent ineffectiveness that typifies our dealings with complex environmental problems has resulted in a bewildering array of conflicting recommendations about how matters might be improved. Fortunately, there is some underlying pattern to this chaos, with proposals dividing along ideological and disciplinary lines (Table 6.1). Contrasting Imperial and Arcadian pathways are clearly evident, as both sides in the argument propound different routes to disparate goals. Within each ideological pathway, advocates of each perspective emphasize one substantive domain (environmental, social, or psychological) while underplaying the other two domains. This is not to say that proponents of each viewpoint ignore the remaining domains completely, rather, their consideration of the latter is often cursory. The result is at least six broad perspectives on necessary reforms to environmental problem solving. My argument is that, when used as the sole basis for problem solving, each perspective is a form of “single vision,” a singularly inadequate foundation for adaptive behavior. In support of this contention, we should look at the pros and cons of each single vision in turn
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Miller, A. (1999). Single Visions. In: Environmental Problem Solving. Springer Series on Environmental Management. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1440-3_6
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