Invariance of homology

Abstract

In this chapter, we prove the invariance of the homology groups for surfaces and also for simplicial complexes of arbitrary dimension. A full proof is beyond the scope of this text. Those who are willing to take this invariance on trust may omit this chapter.

“A new scientific truth triumphs, not because it convinces its opponents and makes them see the light, but because the opponents eventually die, and a new generation that is familiar with it grows up.”

Max Planck