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Detection of HIV Infection Using Serologic Techniques

  • Chapter
AIDS Testing

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, regardless of clinical stage, produces many biologic indicators of virus infection, replication, or both (Fig. 5.1). Such indicators include viremia, antibodies against viral proteins, circulating viral proteins, and nonspecific markers of infection such as neopterin, 32-microglobulins, and changes in the absolute number of and the ratio of CD4 and CD8 cells. Most of the markers can be detected and in many cases semiquantified by serologic tests (Table 5.1). These tests have been used to protect the blood supply, diagnose infections, monitor the progression of disease, monitor the efficacy of drug therapy, and diagnose infections in infants born to HIV-infected mothers. The availability of highly specific, inexpensive tests for HIV antibody, such as the enzyme immunoassay (EIA), have permitted public health agencies to conduct-large scale seroprevalence surveys to define the epidemic.

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Authors
  1. J. Richard George
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  2. Gerald Schochetman
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory Investigations Branch Division of HIV/AIDS, National Center for Infectious Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA

    Gerald Schochetman Ph.D. (Chief) (Chief)

  2. Developmental Technology Section Laboratory Investigations Branch Division of HIV/AIDS, National Center for Infectious Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA

    J. Richard George Ph.D. (Chief) (Chief)

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George, J.R., Schochetman, G. (1994). Detection of HIV Infection Using Serologic Techniques. In: Schochetman, G., George, J.R. (eds) AIDS Testing. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0867-9_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0867-9_5

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