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Cyclophosphamide

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Drug Discovery

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Abstract

Cyclophosphamide is a cytotoxic (cytostatic), cell-cycle-nonspecific, antiproliferative agent that is used in such diverse medical problems as neoplasia, tissue transplantation, and inflammatory diseases (Gershwin et al., 1974). It is an inert prodrug for a potent nitrogen mustard alkylating agent. After the metabolic activation of cyclophosphamide to the potent mustard by liver enzymes, a nonenzymatic generation of chemically reactive molecules occurs. These reactive molecules can form covalent bonds with biologically ubiquitous groups, such as amino, phosphate, hydroxyl, carboxyl, sulfhydryl and imidazole, and as a result, depending on dose, cyclophosphamide is capable of either interfering with the reproduction of cells or killing cells. This is especially true in the case of rapidly dividing cells (Golomb, 1963; Gershwin et al., 1974; Hill, 1975).

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  1. The Wellcome Research Laboratories Research, Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA

    Robert A. Maxwell

  2. University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA

    Shohreh B. Eckhardt

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Maxwell, R.A., Eckhardt, S.B. (1990). Cyclophosphamide. In: Drug Discovery. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0469-5_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0469-5_20

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