Abstract
Arterial ischaemic stroke (AIS) affects at least 10 % of children with sickle cell disease (SCD) by 20 years of age and has a >60 % recurrence rate without intervention. Up to 25 % of people with HbSS phenotype have ischaemic brain injury on MRI – so called “silent infarcts” that, nonetheless, have adverse effects on cognition. Many risk factors are implicated in AIS associated with SCD, including cerebral arteriopathy, anaemia, chronic hypoxaemia, prior chest crisis and high white cell count. Obstructive airways disease (from big tonsils and adenoids), infections, patent foramen ovale and relative hypertension are modifiable risk factors associated with AIS in children with SCD - immunization and penicillin prophylaxis has decreased the prevalence of bacterial meningitis with subsequent stroke. This case provides an illustration of these points in addition to a discussion of treatment strategies.
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© 2015 Springer-Verlag London
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Niotakis, G., Ganesan, V. (2015). Sickle Cell Disease and Stroke. In: Gill, S., Brown, M., Robertson, F., Losseff, N. (eds) Stroke Medicine. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6705-1_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6705-1_10
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