Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Total Knee Arthroplasty pp 205–216Cite as

Long Term Outcome of Total Knee Arthroplasty. The Effect of Patella Resurfacing

  • Chapter

  • 1481 Accesses

Abstract

Resurfacing of the patella remains the most controversial issue in Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). After more than 20 years of debate, the question of whether or not to resurface the patella primary TKA remains controversial. Patellar complications during primary TKA have emerged as a major cause of failure [1] (Figs. 21.1 and 21.2). Placement of the patellar component is usually more difficult than placement of any other component in TKA and it is often the first component to fail. There are no specialized jigs available to help the surgeon perform a precise patella cut, even in Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery (CAOS). Despite manufacturers’ efforts, there is no commercially available “perfect” jig [2].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Li S, Chen Y, Su W, Zhao J, He S, Luo X. Systematic review of patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty. Int Orthop. 2011;35:305–16.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Gopinathan P. Patellar resurfacing vs non-resurfacing during primary total knee arthroplasty-a review of literature. Orthopaedics. 2004;1(2):e1.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Rand JA. The patellofemoral joint in total knee arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1994;76A:612–20.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Barrack RL, Burak C. Patella in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop. 2001;389:62–73.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. McKeever DC. The classic: patellar prosthesis (1955). Clin Orthop. 2005;440:13–21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Blazina ME, Fox JM, Del Pizzo W, Broukhim B, Ivey FM. Patellofemoral replacement 1979. Clin Orthop. 2005;436:3–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Lubinus HH. Patella glide bearing total replacement. Orthopaedics. 1979;2:119–27.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Crachiollo A, Benson M, Finerman M. A prospective comparative analysis of the first generation knee replacement. Polycentric vs. geometric knee arthroplasty. Clin Othop. 1979;145:37–46.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Laskin R. The patella need not to be resurfaced during total knee replacement. In: Controversies in total knee replacement. Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press; 2001. p. 187.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Dennis DA. Patellofemoral complications in total knee arthroplasty. A literature review. Am J Knee Surg. 1992;5:156–66.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Matsuda S, Ishinisi T, White SE, Whiteside LA. Patellofemoral joint after knee arthroplasty. Effect on contact area and contact stress. J Arthroplasty. 1997;12:790–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Singerman R, Gabriel SM, Kennendy JW. Patellar contact forces with and without patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1999;14:603–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Matsuda S, Ishinisi T, Whiteside LA. Contact stresses with an unresurfaced patella in total knee arthroplasty: the effect of femoral component design. Orthopedics. 2000;23:213–28.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. McLean CA, Laxer E, Casey J, Ahmet AM. The effect of femoral component designs on the contact and tracking characteristics of the unresurfaced patella in TKA. Orthop Trans. 1994;18:616.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Buechel FF, Pappas MJ, Makris G. Evaluation of contact stress in metal backed patellar replacements. Clin Orthop. 1991;273:190–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Feinstein WK, Noble PC, Kamaric E, Tullos HS. Anatomic alignment of the patellar groove. Clin Orthop. 1996;331:64–73.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Eckhoff DG, Burke BJ, Dwyer TF, Pring ME, Spitzer VM, VanGerwen DP. Sulcus morphology of the distal femur. Clin Orthop. 1996;331:23–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Scuderi GR, Insall NJ, Scott WN. Patellofemoral pain after total knee arthroplasty. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 1994;2:239–46.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Krachow KA. Surgical procedure. In: Klein EA, editor. The technique of total knee arthroplasty. St Louis: CV Mosby; 1990. p. 168–237.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Hsu JC, Luo AP, Rand JA. Influence of patellar thickness on patellar tracking and patellofemoral contact characteristics after total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1996;11:69–80.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Pagnano MW, Trousdale RT. Inadvertent asymmetric resurfacing of the patella in total knee arthroplasty. Orthop Trans 1998–99;22:19.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Olcott CW, Scott RD. Femoral component rotation during total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop. 1999;367:3942.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Kirk P, Rorabeck CH, Bourne RB, Burkart B, Nott L. Management of recurrent dislocation of the patella following total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1992;7:229–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Whiteside LA. Distal realignment of the patellar tendon to correct abnormal patellar tracking. Clin Orthop. 1997;344:284–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Petersilge WJ, Oishi CS, Kaufman KR, Irby SE, Colwell Jr CW. The effect of trochlear design on patellofemoral shear and compressive forces in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop. 1994;309:124–30.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Levai JP, McLeod CH, Freeman MA. Why not resurface the patella? J Bone Joint Surg (Br). 1983;65B:448–51.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Waters TS, Bentley G. Patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty. A prospective, randomized study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003;85A:212–7.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Tabutin J, Banon F, Catonne Y, Grobost J, Tessier JL, Tillie B. Should we resurface the patella in total knee replacement? Experience with the Nex Gen prosthesis. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2005;13:5348.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Oh IS, Kim MK, You DS, Kang SB, Lee KH. Total knee arthroplasty without patellar resurfacing. Int Orthop. 2006;30:415–9.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Hasegawa M, Ohashi T. Long term clinical results and radiographic changes in the nonresurfaced patella after total knee arthroplasty: 78 knees followed for mean 12 years. Acta Orthop Scand. 2002;73:539–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Ogon M, Hartig F, Bach C, Nogler M, Steingruber I, Biedermann R. Patella resurfacing: no benefit for the long term outcome of total knee arthroplasty. A 10- to 16.3-year follow-up. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2002;122:229–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Picetti GD, McGann WA, Welch RB. The patellofemoral joint after total knee arthroplasty without patellar resurfacing. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1990;72A:1379–82.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Kim BS, Reitman RD, Schai PA, Scott RD. Selective patellar nonresurfacing in total knee arthroplasty. 10 year results. Clin Othop. 1999;367:81–8.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Keblish PA, Varma AK, Greenwald AS. Patellar resurfacing or retention in total knee arthroplasty. A prospective study of patients with bilateral replacements. J Bone Joint Surg (Br). 1994;76B:930–7.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Clayton ML, Thirupathi R. Patellar complications after total condylar arthroplasty. Clin Orthop. 1982;170:152–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Gomes LS, Bechtold JE, Gustilo RB. Patellar prosthesis positioning in total knee arthroplasty: a roentgenographic study. Clin Orthop. 1988;236:72–81.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Healy WL, Wasilewski SA, Takei R, Oberlander M. Patellofemoral complications following total knee arthroplasty: correlation with implant design and patient risk factors. J Arthroplasty. 1995;10:197–201.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Burnett RS, Boone JL, Rosenzweig SD, Steger-May K, Barrack RL. Patellar resurfacing compared with nonresurfacing in total knee arthroplasty. A concise follow-up of a randomized trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2009;91A:256–67.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Beight JL, Yao B, Hozack WJ, Hearn SL, Booth Jr RE. The patellar “clunk” syndrome after posterior stabilized arthroplasty. Clin Orthop. 1994;299:139–42.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Arnold MP, Friedrich NF, Widmer H, Muller W. Patellar substitution in total knee prosthesis – is it important? Orthopade. 1998;27:637–41.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Barrack RL. Orthopaedic crossfire – all patellae should be resurfaced during primary total knee arthroplasty: in opposition. J Arthroplasty. 2003;3(S1):35–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Feller JA, Bartlett RJ, Lang DM. Patellar resurfacing versus retention in total knee arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg (Br). 1996;78B:226–8.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Komistek RD, Dennis DA, Mabe A, Walker S. An In vivo determination of patellofemoral contact positions. J Clin Biomech. 2000;15:29–36.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Stiehl JB, Komistek RD, Dennis DA, Keblish PA. Kinematics of the patellofemoral joint in total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2001;16:707–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Forster H, Fisher J. The influence of continuous sliding and subsequent surface wear on the friction of articular cartilage. Proc Inst Mech Eng. 1999;213:329–45.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Reilly TR, Martens M. Experimental analysis of the quadriceps muscle force and patellofemoral joint reaction force for various activities. Acta Orthop Scand. 1972;43:126–37.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Burnett RS, Bourne RB. Indications for patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003;85A:728–45.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Barrack RL, Bertot AJ, Wolfe MW, Waldman DA, Milicic M, Myers L. Patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized, double blind study with five to seven years of follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1997;79A:1121–31.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Brick GW, Scott RD. The patellofemoral component of total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop. 1988;231:163–78.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Dennis DA. Patellofemoral complications in total knee arthroplasty. In: Kesser JR, editor. Orthopaedic knowledge update 5. Home study syllabus. Rosemont: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; 1995. p. 283–9.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Stulberg SD, Stulberg BN, Hamati Y, Tsao A. Failure mechanisms of metal-backed patellar components. Clin Orthop. 1988;236:88–105.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Wasilewski SA, Frankel U. Fracture of polyethylene of patellar component in total knee arthroplasty, diagnosed by arthroscopy. J Arthroplasty. 1989;4(S1):19–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Barrack RL, Wolfe MW. Patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2000;8:75–82.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Wood DJ, Smith AJ, Collopy D, White B, Brankov B, Bulsara MK. Patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2002;84A:187–93.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Ranawat CS. The patellofemoral joint in total condylar knee arthroplasty: pros and cons based on five to ten year follow-up observations. Clin Orthop. 1986;205:93–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Rand JA. Patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop. 1990;260:110–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Levitsky KA, Harris WJ, McManus J, Scott RD. Total knee arthroplasty without patellar resurfacing: clinical outcomes and long-term follow-up evaluation. Clin Orthop. 1993;286:116–21.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Abraham W, Buchanan JR, Daubert H, Greer III RB, Keefer J. Should the patella be resurfaced in total knee arthroplasty? Efficacy of patellar resurfacing. Clin Orthop. 1988;236:128–34.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Boyd Jr AD, Ewald FC, Thomas WH, Poss R, Sledge CB. Long-term complications after total knee arthroplasty with or without resurfacing of the patella. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1993;75A:674–81.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Schroeder-Boersch H, Scheller G, Fischer J, Jani L. Advantages of patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty: two year results of a prospective, randomized study. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1998;117:73–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Enis JE, Gardner R, Robledo MA, Latta L, Smith R. Comparison of patellar resurfacing versus nonresurfacing in bilateral total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop. 1990;260:38–42.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Shoji H, Yoshino S, Kajino A. Patellar replacement in bilateral total knee arthroplasty: a study of patients who had rheumatoid arthritis and no gross deformity of the patella. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1989;71A:853–6.

    Google Scholar 

  63. Kajino A, Yoshino S, Kameyama S, Kohda M, Nagashima S. Comparison of the results of bilateral total knee arthroplasty with and without patellar replacement for rheumatoid arthritis: a follow-up note. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1997;79A:570–4.

    Google Scholar 

  64. Keblish T, Ogata K, Hara M. Comparison of cemented and cementless fixation resurfaced and unresurfaced patella on the press fit condylar type total knee arthroplasty. Proceedings of AAOS 66th annual meeting of the AAOS 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  65. Barrack RL, Wolfe MW, Waldman DA, Milicic M, Bertot AJ, Myers L. Resurfacing of the patella in total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized, double blind study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001;83A:1376–81.

    Google Scholar 

  66. Bourne RB, Roraback CH, Vaz M, Kramer J, Hardie R, Robertson D. Resurfacing vs not resurfacing the patella during total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop. 1995;321:156–61.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Newman JH, Ackroyd CE, Shah NA, Karachalios T. Should the patella be resurfaced during total knee replacement. Knee. 2000;7:17–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. Insall JN, Ranawat CS, Aglietti P, Shine P. A comparison of four models of total knee replacement prostheses. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1976;58A:754–65.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Insall JN, Tria AJ, Aglietti P. Resurfacing of the patella. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1980;62A:933–6.

    Google Scholar 

  70. Kulkarni SK, Freema MAR, Poal-Manresa JC, Ascencio JI, Rodriguez JJ. The patellofemoral joint in total knee arthroplasty. Is the design of the trochlea the critical factor. J Artrhoplasty. 2000;15:424–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Bery DJ, Rand JA. Isolated patellar component revision of total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop. 1993;286:110–5.

    Google Scholar 

  72. Churchill DL, Incavo SJ, Johnson CC, Beynnon BD. The Influence of femoral rollback on patellofemoral contact loads in total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2001;16:909–18.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Harwin SF, Stein AJ, Stern RE. Patellofemoral resurfacing at total knee arthroplasty. Contemp Orthop. 1994;29:265–71.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Pollo FE, Jackson RW, Koeter S, Ansari S, Motley GS, Rathjen KW. Walking, chair rising and stair climbing after total knee arthroplasty: patellar resurfacing versus non-resurfacing. Am J Knee Surg. 2000;13:103–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Reuben JD, McDonald CL, Woodard PL, Hennington LJ. Effect of patella thickness on patella strain following total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 1991;6:251–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Stiehl JB, Komistek RD, Dennis DA, Keblish PA. Kinematics of the patellofemoral joint in total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2001;16:706–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Barrack RL, Wolfe MW, Waldman DA. Patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty. Proceedings of the 67th annual meeting of the AAOS, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  78. Parvizi J, Rapuri VR, Saleh KJ, Kuskowski MA, Sharkey PF, Mont MA. Failure to resurface the patella during total knee arthroplasty may result in more knee pain and secondary surgery. Clin Orthop. 2005;438:191–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Nizard RS, Biau D, Porcher R, Ravaud P, Bizot P, Hannouche D, Sedel L. A meta-analysis of patellar replacement in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop. 2005;432:196–203.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Forster MC. Patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis: a systematic review. Knee. 2004;11:427–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Pakos EE, Ntzani EE, Trikalinos TA. Patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty. A meta-analysis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2005;87A:1438–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  82. Chen K, Guodong Li, Dong Fu, Chaoqun Y, Qiang Zhang, Zhengdong Cai. Patellar resurfacing versus nonresurfacing in total knee arthroplasty: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Int Orthop. 2013;37:1075–83.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Indelli PF, Marcucci M, Cariello D, Paolo P, Innocenti M. Contemporary femoral designs in total knee arthroplasty: effects on the patello-femoral congruence. Int Orthop. 2012;36:1167–73.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Moher D, Schulz KF, Altman DC. The CONSORT statement: revised recommendations for improving the quality of reports of parallel-group randomised trials. Lancet. 2001;357:1191–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Orthopaedic Department, Center of Biomedical Sciences (CERETETH), University of Thessalia, Larissa, Hellenic Republic

    Elias Palaiochorlidis MD, DSc & Theofilos Karachalios MD, DSc

  2. Orthopaedic Department, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Center of Biomedical Sciences (CERETETH), University of Thessalia, University General Hospital of Larissa, Mezourlo region, Larissa, 41110, Hellenic Republic

    Theofilos Karachalios MD, DSc

Authors
  1. Elias Palaiochorlidis MD, DSc
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Theofilos Karachalios MD, DSc
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Theofilos Karachalios MD, DSc .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Orthopaedic Department, University of Thessalia, Larissa, Greece

    Theofilos Karachalios

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer-Verlag London

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Palaiochorlidis, E., Karachalios, T. (2015). Long Term Outcome of Total Knee Arthroplasty. The Effect of Patella Resurfacing. In: Karachalios, T. (eds) Total Knee Arthroplasty. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6660-3_21

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6660-3_21

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-6659-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-6660-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation