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Metal Oxide-Based Compounds as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

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Electrocatalysis in Fuel Cells

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Energy ((LNEN,volume 9))

Abstract

The cathode catalysts for polymer electrolyte fuel cells should have high stability as well as excellent catalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Group 4 and 5 metal oxide-based compounds have been evaluated as a cathode from the viewpoint of their high catalytic activity and high stability. Although group 4 and 5 metal oxides have high stability even in acidic and oxidative atmosphere, they are almost insulator and have poor ORR activity because they have large bandgaps. It is necessary to modify the surface of the oxides to improve the ORR activity. We have tried the surface modification methods of oxides into four methods: (1) formation of complex oxide layer containing active sites, (2) substitutional doping of nitrogen, (3) creation of oxygen defects without using carbon and nitrogen, and (4) partial oxidation of compounds which include carbon and nitrogen. These modifications were effective to improve the ORR activity of the oxides. The solubility of the oxide-based catalysts in 0.1 M H2SO4 at 30 °C under atmospheric condition was mostly smaller than that of platinum black, indicating that the oxide-based catalysts had sufficient stability compared to the platinum. The onset potential of various oxide-based cathodes for the ORR in 0.1 M H2SO4 at 30 °C achieved over 0.97 V vs. a reversible hydrogen electrode. This high onset potential suggests that the quality of the active sites of the oxide-based catalysts is mostly equivalent to that of platinum.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the financial support of the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) for the development of oxide-based non-precious metal cathode for PEFCs.

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  1. Green Hydrogen Research Center, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan

    Ken-ichiro Ota & Akimitsu Ishihara

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  1. Ken-ichiro Ota
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Correspondence to Ken-ichiro Ota .

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  1. UTC Power, Governor’s Highway 195, South Windsor, 06074, Connecticut, USA

    Minhua Shao

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Ota, Ki., Ishihara, A. (2013). Metal Oxide-Based Compounds as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction. In: Shao, M. (eds) Electrocatalysis in Fuel Cells. Lecture Notes in Energy, vol 9. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4911-8_13

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