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3D Digital Elevation Model Generation

  • Chapter
3D Imaging, Analysis and Applications

Abstract

This chapter presents techniques used for the generation of 3D digital elevation models (DEMs) from remotely sensed data. Three methods are explored and discussed—optical stereoscopic imagery, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), and LIght Detection and Ranging (LIDAR). For each approach, the state-of-the-art presented in the literature is reviewed. Techniques involved in DEM generation are presented with accuracy evaluation. Results of DEMs reconstructed from remotely sensed data are illustrated. While the processes of DEM generation from satellite stereoscopic imagery represents a good example of passive, multi-view imaging technology, discussed in Chap. 2 of this book, InSAR and LIDAR use different principles to acquire 3D information. With regard to InSAR and LIDAR, detailed discussions are conducted in order to convey the fundamentals of both technologies.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    WGS84: World Geodetic Systems dating from 1984 and last revised in 2004.

  2. 2.

    The CORONA program started in 1956 as a series of American strategic reconnaissance satellites. CORONA mission 9031 launched on 27th Feb. 1962 and was the first satellite providing stereoscopic images of the Earth.

  3. 3.

    The terms ‘interior’ and ‘exterior’ are used in the DEM generation research community. In other research communities, such as computer vision, they are called ‘intrinsic’ and ‘extrinsic’ parameters, as discussed in Chap. 2.

  4. 4.

    ASTER: Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer, an imaging instrument flying on Terra satellite launched in December 1999 as part of NASA’s Earth Observing System.

  5. 5.

    USGS: United States Geological Survey.

  6. 6.

    NASA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

  7. 7.

    SRTM: Shuttle Radar Topography Mission aimed to obtain DEMs on a near global scale from 56∘S to 60∘N.

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  1. Computational Vision Group, School of Systems Engineering, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AY, UK

    Hong Wei & Marc Bartels

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  2. Department of Computer Science, Aberystwyth University, Llandinam Building, Ceredigion, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DB, United Kingdom

    Yonghuai Liu

  3. Institute of Geography and Earth Science, Aberystwyth University, Penglais Campus, Ceredigion, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DB, United Kingdom

    Peter Bunting

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Wei, H., Bartels, M. (2012). 3D Digital Elevation Model Generation. In: Pears, N., Liu, Y., Bunting, P. (eds) 3D Imaging, Analysis and Applications. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4063-4_9

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