Abstract
Interstitial lung disease in children is uncommon. It usually presents with the gradual onset of increasing respiratory symptoms including tachypnoea, effort dyspnoea and cyanosis. In the acute situation there is alveolar infiltration with infecting organisms such as Pneumocystis carinii or viruses including Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Ebstein-Barr virus (EBV) or fungi such as Aspergillus fumigatus or Candida albicans. These conditions result in widespread interstitial shadowing on the chest X-ray which is usually ‘ground-glass’ in appearance and bilateral in distribution. These acute conditions occur in children who are primarily immune deficient with cell mediated or humoral deficiency. Most commonly they occur in those who have reduced immunoglobulin or immunoglobulin subclasses. They are most common in those who have severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) and are now a main presenting feature in those who have human immune deficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) [1].
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Tasker RC, Wilkinson K, Slater TJ et al. (1994) Unsuspecting Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and vertically acquired HIV infection in infants requiring intensive care. Br Med J 308: 462–3.
Sharief N, Crawford OF, Dinwiddie R (1994) Fibrosing alveolitis and desquamative interstitial pneumonitis. Paediatr Pulmonol 17: 359–65.
Gibb DM, Davison CF, Holland FJ et al. (1994) Pneumocysstis carinii pneumonia in vertically acquired HIV infection in the British Isles. Arch Dis Childh 70: 241–4.
Evans JA, Marriage SC, Walters MDS et al. (1995) Unsuspecting HIV infection presenting in the first year of life. Br Med J 310: 1235–6.
Bye MR, Kearns-Bazarian AM, Ewig JM (1994) Markedly reduced mortality associated with cortico-steroid therapy of PCP in children with AIDS. Arch Paediatr Adoles Med 148: 638–41.
Yow MD, White NH, Taber LH et al. (1987) Acquisition of cytomegalovirus infection from birth to 10 years. A longitudinal serological study. J Paediatr 110: 37–42.
Goodmason T, Bilani KK, Balfour HH (1989) Ganciclovir treatment of cytomegalovirus disease in immunocompromised children. Paediatr Infect Dis J 8: 436–40.
Thomas P, Singh T, Williams R et al. (1992) Trends and survival for children reported with maternally transmitted acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in New York City 1982–1989. Paediatr Infect Dis J 11: 34–39.
Katz BZ, Berkman AB, Shapeiro ED (1991) Serological evidence of active Epstein Barr Virus infection in Epstein Barr Virus associated proliferative disorders of children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. J Paediatr 120: 228–32.
Bourke S, Boyd G (1997) Pigeon fanciers lung. Br Med J 315: 70–71.
Smyth RL, Carty H, Thomas H et al. (1994) Diagnosis of interstitial lung disease by a percutaneous lung biopsy sample. Arch Dis Childh 70: 143–4.
Chu T, D’Angio GJ, Favara B et al. (1987) Histiocytosis syndromes in children. Lancet 1: 208–9.
Pattishall EN, Kendig EL (1996) Sarcoidosis in chil-dren. Paediatr Pulmonol 22: 195–203.
Bowman MC (1994) Pulmonary haemosiderosis. In: Loughlin GM, Eigen H, eds. Respiratory disease in children - diagnosis and management, chapter 34. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp. 417–20.
Hamvas A, Cole FS, Demello D et al. (1994) Surfactant protein B deficiency. Antenatal diagnosis and prospective treatment with surfactant. J Paediatr 125: 356–61.
Shah AR, Dinwiddie R, Woolf D et al. (1992) Generalised lymphangiomatosis and chylothorax in the paediatric age group. Paediatr Pulmonol 14: 126–30.
Spitz L (1987) Diseases of the oesophagus. In: Evans JNG ed, Scott Brown’s Otolaryngology, Fifth Edition. Paediatric Otolaryngology. Butterworths, London, pp. 534–53.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer-Verlag London Limited
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dinwiddie, R., Crawford, O., Sharief, N. (1999). Interstitial Lung Disease in Children. In: Sperber, M. (eds) Diffuse Lung Disorders. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3440-4_22
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3440-4_22
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-3442-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-3440-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive