Abstract
The major function of the cardiorenal system is to maintain the fluid bathing the cells at a constant composition, for it is through this pericellular fluid that O2 and nutrients are delivered and waste products of metabolism removed. The early marine vertebrates had an extracellular fluid similar to that of their saltwater environment, but with evolution to fresh water and land there were various modifications, which included the development of an integument impermeable to water and modifications in renal function to allow the excretion or conservation of water and sodium according to the prevailing conditions.
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© 1992 Springer-Verlag London Limited
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Thompson, F.D. (1992). Fluid and Electrolyte Balance. In: Tinker, J., Zapol, W.M. (eds) Care of the Critically Ill Patient. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3400-8_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3400-8_7
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