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Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: Review of Current Evidence

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Multimodality Imaging for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

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Abstract

Symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS) has a poor prognosis when treated medically and inevitably leads to an insidious functional deterioration, heart failure, and death [1]. Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is the current standard of care and is an accepted method to alleviate symptoms and prolong survival. For an array of reasons, approximately 30 % do not undergo SAVR [2]. However, since Dr. Alain Cribier pioneered the first transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) procedure in 2002 [3], this relatively new technique has been used extensively in over 40 countries accumulating to >50,000 implantations [4–19]. With results from the randomized PARTNER trial [20], TAVR has emerged as the standard of care for extremely high-risk or “inoperable” patients and is a valid alternative to surgery for selected high-risk but “operable” patients with symptomatic AS [21]. Currently, two different TAVR devices are widely available and used: the balloon-expandable Edwards SAPIEN Transcatheter Heart Valve (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA) and the self-expanding Medtronic CoreValve™ (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN). Both devices received CE Mark approval for European commercial sale in 2007, and the Edwards SAPIEN valve received FDA pre-market approval in the USA in November 2011.

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Abbreviations

AS:

Aortic stenosis

EuroSCORE:

European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation

I-REVIVE:

Initial Registry of Endovascular Implantation of Valves in Europe trial

PARTNER:

Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves

RECAST:

Registry of Endovascular Critical Aortic Stenosis Treatment trial

REVIVAL:

Percutaneous Endovascular Implantation of Valves trial

REVIVE:

Registry of Endovascular Implantation of Valves in Europe trial

SAVR:

Surgical aortic valve replacement

SOURCE:

SAPIEN Aortic Bioprosthesis European Outcome

STS:

Society of Thoracic Surgeons

TA:

Transapical

TAVR:

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation

TF:

Transfemoral

TRAVERCE:

The initial multicenter feasibility trial for TA-AVI

VARC:

Valve Academic Research Consortium

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Conflicts of Interest

Philippe Généreux has received consulting fees/honoraria from Edwards Lifesciences. Martin B. Leon is a nonpaid member of the Scientific Advisory Boards of Edwards Lifesciences and Medtronic Vascular.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, Columbia University Medical Center, 111 East 59th street 18th Floor, New York, NY, 10022, USA

    Philippe Généreux MD & Martin B. Leon MD

  2. Departement de Cardiologie D’Intervention, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada

    Philippe Généreux MD

  3. Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, Herbert Irving Pavilion, 6th Floor, New York, NY, 10032, USA

    Martin B. Leon MD

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  1. Philippe Généreux MD
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  2. Martin B. Leon MD
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Correspondence to Martin B. Leon MD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA

    James K. Min

  2. Departments of Imaging and Medicine, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Daniel S. Berman

  3. Department of Cardiology, St. Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia Department of Radiology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Jonathon Leipsic

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Généreux, P., Leon, M.B. (2014). Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: Review of Current Evidence. In: Min, J., Berman, D., Leipsic, J. (eds) Multimodality Imaging for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2798-7_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2798-7_2

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