Abstract
The control of muscle invasive carcinoma of the urinary bladder remains a challenge for the urological oncologist and the best management is still controversial. The treatment options include radical cystectomy, full-thickness transurethral resection (TUR), radiotherapy and chemotherapy — either alone or in combination with other treatments. Radical cystectomy has become accepted as the “gold-standard” against which other treatments are compared — even though survival rates after cystectomy in any one series can be difficult to compare with others owing to differences in patient selection and recent improvement in anaesthetic techniques.
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Seemann, O., Alken, P. (1994). Cystectomy and Bladder Reconstruction for Bladder Cancer. In: Neal, D.E. (eds) Tumours in Urology. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2086-5_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2086-5_6
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