Abstract
During the last 20 to 30 years there has been an astonishing increase in the understanding of both the anatomical substrates and clinical aspects of cardiac arrhythmias in the neonate and child. Significant advances in the delineation of the underlying cellular mechanisms responsible for these arrhythmias have also taken place. In general terms, the anatomical aspects of the conduction system were the first to be unravelled, followed by improved embryological insights. More recently new techniques have enabled investigators to examine the electrophysiologic characteristics of whole tissues, single cells and small patches of membrane. Concomitant with these advances, clinicians were able to investigate the mechanisms of arrhythmias with improved non-invasive and invasive modalities. However, the picture at this time is far from complete. A greater emphasis is now being placed on the understanding of changes which occur during the development of the conduction system.
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Gow, R.M., Hamilton, R.M. (1992). Developmental Biology of Specialized Conduction Tissue. In: Neonatal Heart Disease. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1814-5_6
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