Abstract
The study of the process and control of the transitional cardiovascular physiology from the fetal to adult condition has brought enormous insight into the diagnosis, natural history and treatment of congenital, as well as acquired, cardiac abnormalities in children. It is now apparent that a remarkable passage also occurs in the metabolic maturation of the myocardium. The myocardial cell undergoes important changes in metabolic operations that include substrate preference, maintenance of cellular integrity, production and delivery of high energy phosphate, replication of the contractile apparatus as well as response to adverse metabolic and hemodynamic conditions. Remarkably, the functional capacity of the heart remains essentially constant throughout this period of differentiation. Indeed, the immature cardiovascular system demonstrates a striking capacity to accommodate severe physiologic burdens and metabolic alterations.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bessman SP, Geiger PJ (1981) Transport of energy in muscle: the phosphorylcreatine shuttle. Science 211: 448–452
Bove EL, Stammers AH (1986) Recovery of left ventricu lar function after hypothermic global ischemia. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 91: 115–122
Bugaisky L, Zak R (1979) Cellular growth of cardiac muscle after birth. Tex Rep Biol Med 39: 123–138
Bull C, Cooper J, Stark J (1984) Cardioplegic protection of the child’s heart. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 88:287- 293
Claycomb WC (1976) Biochemical aspects of cardiac muscle differentiation. J Biol Chem 251: 6082–6089
Claycomb WC (1977) Cardiac-muscle hypertrophy: differentiation and growth of the heart cell during develop-ment. Biochem J 168: 599–601
Das DK, Engelman RM, Flansaas D, Otani H, Rousou J, Breyer RH (1987) Developmental profile of protective mechanisms of heart against peroxidative injury. Basic Res Cardiol 82: 36–50
Del Nido PJ, Nakamura H, Mickle DAG, Illes RW, Romaschin A, Levitsky S (1989) Maturational difference in functional/metabolic sequelae of free radical formation on reperfusion. J Surg Res 46: 532–536
Fisher DJ, Heyman MA, Rudolph AM (1980) Myocardial oxygen and carbohydrate consumption in fetal lambs in utero and in adult sheep. Am J Physiol (Heart and Circulatory Physiol) 238: H399 - H405
Frank L, Groseclose EE (1984) Preparation for birth into an O2-rich environment: The antioxidant enzymes in the developing rabbit lung. Pediatr Res 18: 240–244
Friedman WF, Pool PE, Jacobowitz D, Seagren BA, Braunwald E (1968) Sympathetic innervation of the developing rabbit heart. Circ Res 23: 25–32
Gillette PC, Claycomb WC (1974) Thymidine kinase activity in cardiac muscle during embryonic and post natal development. Biochem J 142: 685–690
Gingell RL, Gingell ME (1986) Developmental pattern of xanthine dehydrogenase in the rat. Pediatr Res 20: 368A
Grice WN, Konishi T, Apstein CS (1987) Resistance of neonatal myocardium to injury during normothermic and hypothermic ischemic arrest and reperfusion. Cir culation. 76: V150 - V155
Jarmakani JM, Nakazawa M, Nagatomo T, Langer GA (1978) Effect of hypoxia on mechanical function in the neonatal mammalian heart. Am J Physiol (Heart and Circulatory Physiol) 235: H469 - H474
Jarmakani JM, Nakanishi T, Jarmakani RN (1979) Effect of hypoxia on calcium exchange in the neonatal myocar-dium. Am J Physiol (Heart and Circulatory Physiol). 237: H612 - H619
Klitzner TS, Friedman WF (1989) A diminished role for the sarcoplasmic reticulum in newborn myocardial contraction: effects of ryanodine. Pediatr Res 26: 98–101
Langer GA, Brady AJ, Tan ST, Serena SD (1975) Correlation of the glycoside response, the force staircase and the action potential configuration in the neonatal rat heart. Circ Res 36: 744–752
Langes K, Schulte HD, Arnold, D, Pfitzer P (1984) Pressure induced hypertrophy in hearts of dwarf pigs. J Mol Cell Cardiol 16: 1151–1160
Lau C, Slotkin TA (1982) Maturation of sympathetic neurotransmission in the rat heart. VIII. Slower development of noradrenergic synapses resulting from hypothyroidism. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 220: 630–636
Lebedev AV, Sadretcinov SM, Pelouch V, Prochazka J, Levitsky DO, Ostadal B (1989) Free radical membrane scavengers in myocardium of rats of different age exposed to chronic hypoxia. Biomed Biochim Acta 48: S122 - S125
Lockwood EA, Bailey E (1970) Fatty acid utilization during development of the rat. Biochem J 120: 49–54
Mahony L (1988) Maturation of calcium transport in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum. Pediatr Res 24: 639–643
Maylie JW (1982) Excitation-contraction coupling in neonatal and adult myocardium of cat. Am J Physiol (Heart and Circulatory Physiol) 242: H834 - H843
McCord JM (1985) Oxygen-derived free radicals in postischemic tissue injury. N Engl J Med 312: 159–163
McPherson RA, Kramer MF, Coveil JW, Friedman WF (1976) A comparison of the active stiffness of fetal and adult cardiac muscle. Pediatr Res 10: 660–664
Meno H, Jarmakani JM, Philipson KD (1988) Sarcolemmal calcium kinetics in the neonatal heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 20: 585–591
Meno H, Jarmakani JM, Philipson KD (1989) Developmental changes of sarcolemmal Na+-H+ exchange. J Mol Cell Cardiol 21: 1179–1185
Miller JA, Zakhary R, Miller FS (1964) Hypothermia, asphyxia and cardiac glycogen in guinea pigs. Science 144: 1226–1227
Morin FC (1989) Ligating the ductus arteriosus before birth causes persistant pulmonary hypertension in the lamb. Pediatr Res 25: 245–250
Nabauer M, Callewaert G, Cleeman L, Morad M (1989) Regulation of calcium release is gated by calcium current, not gating charge, in cardiac myocytes. Science 244: 800–803
Nakanishi T, Jarmakani, JM (1984) Developmental changes in myocardial mechanical function and sub cellular organelles. Am J Physiol (Heart and Circulatory Physiol) 246: H615–H625
Nakanishi T, Young HH, Shimizu T, Nishioka K, Jarmakani JM (1984) The relationship between myocar dial enzyme release and Ca2+ uptake during hypoxia and reoxygenation in the newborn and adult heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 16: 519–532
Nakanishi T, Okuda H, Nakazawa M, Takao A (1985) Effect of acidosis on the contractile function of the newborn rabbit heart. Pediatr Res 19: 482–488
Nakanishi T, Seguchi M, Takao A (1988) Development of the myocardial contractile system. Experientia 44: 936–943
Ng YC, Akera T (1987) Relative abundance of two molecular forms of Na+, K+-ATPase in the ferret heart: developmental changes and associated alterations of digitalis sensitivity. Mol Pharmacol 32: 201–205
Okazaki K, Holtzer H (1966) Myogenesis: fusion, myosin synthesis, and the mitotic cycle. Proc Natl Acad Sci 56: 1484–1490
Page E, Buecker JL (1981) Development of dyadic junctional complexes between sarcoplasmic reticulum and plasmalemma in rabbit left ventricular myocardial cells. Circ Res 48: 519–522
Parrish MD, Ayers NA, Kendrick BT, Fixler DE (1986) Maturational differences in the isolated isovolumetric rabbit heart. Am J Physiol (Heart and Circulatory Physiol) 251: H1143–H1148
Perry SB, McAuliffe J, Balschi JA, Hickey PR, Ingwall JS (1988) Velocity of the creatine kinase reaction in the neonatal rabbit heart: role of mitochondrial creatine kinase. J Biol Chem 427: 2165–2172
Peterson CJ, Whitman V, Watson PA, Schuler, HG, Morgan HE (1988) Mechanisms of differential growth of heart ventricles in newborn pigs. Circ Res 64: 360–369
Pridjian AK, Levitsky S, Krukenkamp K, Silverman N, Feinberg H. (1987) Developmental changes in reperfu sion injury. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 93: 428–433
Rakusan K, Sankaranarayanan R, Layberry R, Korecky B (1978) The influence of aging and growth on the postnatal development of cardiac muscle in rats. Circ Res 42: 212–218
Rumyantsev PP (1964) DNA synthesis and nuclear division in embryonal and postnatal histiogenesis of myocardium (autoradiographic study). Ark Annat Gistol Embryol 47: 59–62
Scheuer J, Stezoski SW (1970) Protective role of increased myocardial glycogen stores in cardiac anoxia in the rat. Circ Res 27: 835–849
Schwartz K, Mercadier J-J (1985) Isomyosine shifts in normal and induced cardiac growth. In: Legato M J (ed) The developing heart, 1st edn. Martinus Ninjoff, Bos ton, pp 149–171
Seguchi M, Harding JA, Jarmakani JM (1986) Developmental change in the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. J Mol Cell Cardiol 18: 189–195
Shirato C, Miura T, Ooiwa H, Toyofuku T, Wilborn WH, Downey JM (1989) Tetrazolium artifactually indi cates superoxide dismutase-induced salvage in reperfused rabbit heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 21: 1187–1193
Slotkin TA, Whitmore WL, Orband-Miller L, Queen KL, Hain K (1987) Beta adrenergic control of macromolecule synthesis in neonatal rat heart, kidney and lung: relationship to sympathetic neuronal development. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 243: 101–109
Solaro RJ, Kumar P, Blanchard EM, Martin AF (1986) Differential effects of pH on calcium activation of myofilaments of adult and perinatal dogs. Circ Res 58: 721–729
Sweadeur KJ (1987) The rat cardiac ventricle has two Na+-K+-ATPases with different affinities for oubain: developmental changes in the immunologically different catalytic subunits. Proc Natl Acad Sci 84: 8404–8407
Vlessis A, Mela-Riker L (1989) Perinatal development of heart, kidney, and liver mitochondrial antioxidant defence. Pediatr Res 26: 220–226
Warshaw JB, Terry ML (1970) Cellular energy metabolism during fetal development. II. Fatty acid oxidation by the developing heart. J Cell Biol 44: 354–360
Weiss J, Hiltbrand B (1985) Functional compartmentation of glycolytic versus oxidative metabolism in the isolated rabbit heart. J Clin Invest 75: 436–447
Weiss JN, Lamp ST (1987) Glycolysis preferentially inhibits ATP-sensitive potassium channels in isolated guinea pig cardiac myocytes. Science 238: 67–69
Wells RJ, Friedman WF, Sobell BE (1972) Increased oxidative metabolism in the fetal and newborn lamb heart. Am J Physiol (Heart and Circulatory Physiol) 222: 1488–1493
Werner JC, WhitmanV, Fripp RR, Schuler HG, Musselman J, Sham RL (1983) Fatty acid and glucose utilization in isolated, working fetal pig hearts. Am J Physiol (Heart and Circulatory Physiol) 245: E19 - E23
Wildenthal K (1972) Foetal maturation of cardiac metabolism. Proc Sir Joseph Bancroft Cent Sym: 181–185Wildenthal K (1972) Foetal maturation of cardiac metabolism. Proc Sir Joseph Bancroft Cent Sym: 181–185
Wittels B, Bressler R (1965) Lipid metabolism in the newborn heart. J Clin Invest 44: 1639–1643
Wittnich C, Peniston C, Ianuzzo D, Abel J G, Salerno TA (1987) Relative vulnerability of neonatal and adult hearts to ischemic injury. Circulation 76: 156–160
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1992 Springer-Verlag London Limited
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gingell, R.L. (1992). Developmental Biology of Mammalian Myocardium. In: Neonatal Heart Disease. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1814-5_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1814-5_4
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-1816-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-1814-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive