Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Selection for Object Identification: Modelling Emergent Attentional Processes in Normality and Pathology

  • Conference paper
Book cover 4th Neural Computation and Psychology Workshop, London, 9–11 April 1997

Part of the book series: Perspectives in Neural Computing ((PERSPECT.NEURAL))

  • 119 Accesses

Abstract

We report a model of translation-invariant object recognition: SAIM (for Selective Attention for Identification Model). In SAIM, objects compete in a “selection network” to achieve a mapping from their location on the retina to a translation-invariant “focus of attention”. We investigated spatially selective lesions affecting either the mapping from one side of the retina into the selection network, or the mapping from the selection network to one side of the attentional window. Lesions into the selection network produced a pattern of retinotopic neglect, with processing biased against stimuli on the affected side of the retina. Lesions out of the selection network produced a form of neglect that was tied to one side of an object irrespective of where the object fell on the retina. These different forms of neglect match patterns reported in brain lesioned human patients.We propose that forms of selection in vision emerge as a consequence of procedures for achieving viewpoint-independent object recognition.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Allport DA. Selection for action: Some behavioural and neurophysiological considerations of attention and action. In Perspectives on Perception and Action, Heuer H & Sanders AF (eds) Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum. 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Feldman JA & Ballard DH. Connectionist models and their properties. Cognitive Science, 1982, 6, 205–254.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Hummel J & Biederman I. Dynamic binding in a neural network for shape recognition. Psychological Review, 1992, 99, 480–517.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Tanaka K, Saito HA, Fukada Y & Moriya M. Coding visual images of objects in the infero-temporal cortex of the macaque monkey. Journal of Neurophysiology, 1991, 66, 170–189.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Gross CG, Rocha-Miranda CE & Bender DB. Visual properties of neurons in inferotemporal cortex of the macaque. Journal of Neurophysiology, 1972, 35, 96–111.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Chelazzi L, Miller EK, Duncan J & Desimone R. A neural basis for visual search in inferior temporal cortex. Nature, 1993, 363, 345–347.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Moran J & Desimone R. Selective attention gates visual processing in the extrastriate cortex. Science, 1985, 229, 782–784.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Eriksen, CW & Yeh YY. Allocation of attention in the visual field. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 11, 1985, 583597.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Posner MI. Orienting of attention. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1980, 32, 3–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Treisman A. Features and objects: The fourteenth Bartlett Memorial Lecture. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1988, 40A, 201–237. [Il] Humphreys GW & Bruce V. Visual Cognition. London: Erlbaum. 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Farah MJ. Visual Agnosia Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Humphreys GW & Riddoch MJ. Interactions between object and space vision revealed through neuropsychology. In Attention and Performance XIV, Meyer DE & Kornblum S (eds) Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum. 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Mozer MC. The Perception of Multiple Objects: A Connectionist Approach. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Robertson I & Marshall JC (eds) Unilateral neglect: Clinical and experimental studies. London: Erlbaum. 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Walker R. Spatial and object-based neglect. Neurocase, 1995, 1, 371–383.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Karnath HO, Schenkel P & Fischer B. Trunk orientation as the determining factor of the `contralateral’ deficit in the neglect syndrome and as the physical anchor of the internal representation of body orientation in space. Brain, 1991, 114, 1997–2014.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Riddoch MJ & Humphreys GW. The effect of cueing on unilateral neglect. Neuropsychologia, 1983, 21, 589–599.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Young AW, Newcombe F & Ellis AW. Different impairments contribute to neglect dyslexia. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 1991, 8, 177–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Driver J & Halligan PW. Can visual neglect operate in object-centred coordinates? An affirmative single-case study. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 1991, 8, 475–496.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Humphreys GW. & Heinke D. Spatial representation and selection in the brain: Neuropsychological and computational constraints. Visual Cognition. In press.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Posner MI, Walker JA, Friedrich FJ & Rafal RD. Effects of parietal lobe injury on covert orienting of visual attention. Journal of Neuroscience, 1984, 4, 1863 1874.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Karnath HO. Deficits of attention in acute and recovered visual hemi-neglect. Neuropsychologia, 1988, 26, 27–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Duncan J, Humphreys GW & Ward R. Integrated mechanisms of selective attention. Current Opinion in Biology. In press.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Mozer MC, Halligan PW & Marshall JC. The end of the line for a brain-damaged model of unilateral neglect. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 1997, 9, 171–190.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Bisiach E & Luzzatti C. Unilateral neglect of representational space. Cortex, 1978, 14, 129–13.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Halligan PW & Marshall JC. Toward a principled explanation of unilateral neglect. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 1994, 11, 167–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Milner AD, Harvey M, Roberts RC & Forster SV. Line bisection errors in visual neglect: Misguided action or size distortion? Neuropsychologia, 1993, 31, 39–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Duncan J. Cooperating brain systems in selective perception and action. In Attention and Performance XVI. Inui T & McClelland JL (eds) Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. 1996. pp. 549–578.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Olshausen BA, Andersen CH & Van Essen DC. A neurobiological model of visual attention and invariant pattern recognition based on dynamic routing of information. The Journal of Neuroscience, 1993, 13, 4700–4719.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Olshausen BA, Andersen CH & Van Essen DC. A multiscale dynamic routing circuit for forming size-and position-invariant object representations. Journal of Computational Neuroscience, 1995, 2, 45–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Postma EO. SCAN: A neural model of covert attention. PhD thesis, Computer Science Department, University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands. 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Rumelhart DE, Hinton GE & McClelland JL. A general framework for parallel distributed processing. In Parallel distributed processing: Explorations in the microstructure of cognition. Vol. 1. Rumelhart DE & McClelland JL (eds), Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Marr D & Poggio T. Cooperative computation of stereo disparity. Science, 1976, 194, 283–287.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Duncan J. Selective attention and the organisation of visual information. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 1984, 113, 501–517.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Caramazza A & Hillis AE. Levels of representation, co-ordinate frames and unilateral neglect. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 1990, 7, 391–445.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Tipper SP & Behrmann M. Object-centred not scene-based visual neglect. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1996, 22, 1261–1278.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Buxbaum LJ, Coslett HB, Montgomery MW & Farah MJ. Mental rotation may underlie apparent object-based neglect. Neuropsychologia, 1996, 14, 1 13126.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Riddoch MJ & Humphreys GW. Perceptual and action systems in unilateral visual neglect. In Neurophysiological and neuropsychological aspects of spatial neglect. Jeannerod M (ed), Amsterdam: Elsevier Science. 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Riddoch MJ & Humphreys GW. Towards an understanding of neglect. In Cognitive neuropsychology and cognitive rehabilitation Riddoch MJ & Humphreys GW (eds) London: Erlbaum UK. 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Cohen JD, Romero RD, Servan-Schreiber D & Farah MJ. Mechanisms of spatial attention: The relation of macrostructure to microstructure in parietal neglect. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 1994, 6, 377–387.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Humphreys GW, Olson A, Romani C & Riddoch MJ. Competitive mechanisms of selection by space and object: A neuropsychological approach. In Converging operations in the study of visual selective attention, Kramer AF, Coles MGH & Logan GD (eds)Washington: American Psychological Association. 1996.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Birmingham, UK

    Glyn W. Humphreys & Dietmar Heinke

Authors
  1. Glyn W. Humphreys
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Dietmar Heinke
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Speech and Language, Department of Psychology, Birkbeck College, University of London, Malet Street, WC1E 7HX, London, UK

    John A. Bullinaria BSc, MSc, PhD

  2. Department of Psychology, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT, London, UK

    David W. Glasspool BSc, Msc  & George Houghton BA, MSc, PhD  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Springer-Verlag London Limited

About this paper

Cite this paper

Humphreys, G.W., Heinke, D. (1998). Selection for Object Identification: Modelling Emergent Attentional Processes in Normality and Pathology. In: Bullinaria, J.A., Glasspool, D.W., Houghton, G. (eds) 4th Neural Computation and Psychology Workshop, London, 9–11 April 1997. Perspectives in Neural Computing. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1546-5_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1546-5_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-76208-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-1546-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation