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Biosensing with Nanopores and Nanotubes

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Molecular- and Nano-Tubes

Abstract

Recent advances in nanotechnology have led to the development of new methods for fabricating membranes containing single, nanometer-sized pores. One potential application for such single-nanopore membranes is in biosensing. In particular, there has been a great deal of recent interest in using nanopores as the sensing element in resistive-pulse sensors [1–92].The resistive pulse sensing method [1–4], which is sometimes referred to as stochastic sensing [1–19], entails mounting a membrane containing a single nanopore between two halves of an electrochemical cell filled with an electrolyte solution. A transmembrane potential is applied, and the resulting ion current flowing through the electrolyte-filled nanopore is recorded versus time. As an analyte, with dimensions comparable to the nanopore diameter, is driven through the pore a momentary block in the ion current is observed, yielding a downward current-pulse. The concentration of the analyte can be determined from the frequency of these current-pulse events and the identity of the analyte is encoded in the magnitude and duration of the current pulse [1–4].

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Acknowledgements

We kindly thank the Martin Group members whose work contributed to this chapter. Parts of this work were funded by The National Science Foundation and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611-7200, USA

    Lindsay T. Sexton, Lloyd P. Horne & Charles R. Martin

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  1. Lindsay T. Sexton
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  2. Lloyd P. Horne
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  3. Charles R. Martin
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Correspondence to Charles R. Martin .

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  1. , Corporate Technology, Siemens AG, Guenther-Scharowsky-Str. 1, Erlangen, 91058, Germany

    Oliver Hayden

  2. , Institute of Applied Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstr. 11D, Hamburg, 20355, Germany

    Kornelius Nielsch

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Sexton, L.T., Horne, L.P., Martin, C.R. (2011). Biosensing with Nanopores and Nanotubes. In: Hayden, O., Nielsch, K. (eds) Molecular- and Nano-Tubes. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9443-1_6

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