Skip to main content

Dynamic Cluster Reconfiguration for Power and Performance

  • Chapter
Compilers and Operating Systems for Low Power

Abstract

In this chapter we address power conservation for clusters of workstations or PCs. Our approach is to develop systems that dynamically turn cluster nodes on - to be able to handle the load imposed on the system efficiently - and off - to save power under lighter load. The key component of our systems is an algorithm that makes cluster reconfiguration decisions by considering the total load imposed on the system and the power and performance implications of changing the current configuration. The algorithm is implemented in two common cluster-based systems: a network server and an operating system for clustered cycle servers. Our experimental results are very favorable, showing that our systems conserve both power and energy in comparison to traditional systems.

This research has been supported by NSF under grant #CCR-9986046

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Appleby, K., Fakhouri, S., Fong, L., Goldszmidt, G., Kalantar, M., Krishnakumar, S., Pazel, D., Pershing, J., and Rochwerger, B. (2001). Oceano - SLA Based Management of a Computing Utility. In Proceedings of the 7th

    Google Scholar 

  • IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on integrated Network Management.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barak, A. and La' adan, O. (1998). The MOSIX Multicomputer Operating System for High Performance Cluster Computing. Journal of Future Generation Computer Systems, 13(4–5):361–372.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bestavros, A., Crovella, M., Liu, J., and Martin, D. (1998). Distributed Packet Rewriting and its Application to Scalable Server Architectures. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Network Protocols.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carrera, E. V., and Bianchini, R. (2001). Efficiency vs. portability in cluster based network servers. In Proceedings of the 8th ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chase, J., Anderson, D., Thackar, P., Vahdat, A., and Boyle, R. (October 2001). Managing energy and server resources in hosting centers. In Proceedings of the 18th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cisco (2000). Cisco LocalDirector. http://www.cisco.com/

  • Delaluz, V., Kandemir, M., Vijaykrishnan, N., Sivasubramaniam, A., and Irwin, M. J. (January 2001). DRAM energy management using software and hardware directed power mode control. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture.

    Google Scholar 

  • Douglis, F. and Krishnan, P. (1995). Adaptive disk spin-down policies for mobile computers. Computing Systems, 8(4):381–413.

    Google Scholar 

  • Douglis, F. and Ousterhout, J. (1991). Transparent Process Migration: Design and Alternatives and the Sprite Implementation. Software: Practice and Experience, 21(8):757–785.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elnozahy, E. N., Kistler, M., and Rajamony, R. (2002). Energy-Efficient Server Clusters. In Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Power-Aware Computing Systems.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flinn, J. and Satyanarayanan, M. (1999). Energy-aware adaptation for mobile applications. In Proceedings of the 17th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, pages 48–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fox, A., Gribble, S., Chawathe, Y., Brewer, E., and Gauthier, P. (1997). Cluster Based Scalable Network Services. In Proceedings of the International Sym posium on Operating Systems Principles, pages 78–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghormley, D., Petrou, D., Rodrigues, S., Vahdat, A., and Anderson, T. (1998).GLUnix: a Global Layer Unix for a Network of Workstations. Software: Practice and Experience.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldszmidt, G. and Hunt, G. (1999). Scaling Internet Services by Dynamic Al location of Connections. In Proceedings of the 6th IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on integrated Network Management, pages 171–184.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halfhill, T. (February 2000). Transmeta breaks the x86 low-power barrier. In Microprocessor Report.

    Google Scholar 

  • Helmbold, D. P., Long, D. D. E., and Sherrod, B. (1996). A dynamic disk spin down technique for mobile computing. In Proceedings of the 2nd international Conference on Mobile Computing (MOBICOM96), pages 130–142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hsu, C.-H., Kremer, U., and Hsiao, M. (November 2000). Compiler-directed dynamic frequency and voltage scaling. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Power-Aware Computer Systems.

    Google Scholar 

  • IOzone (2000). Iozone filesystem benchmark. http://www.iozone.org.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kremer, U., Hicks, J., and Regh, J. (October 2000). Compiler-directed remote task execution for power management. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Compilers and Operating Systems for Low Power.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lebeck, A. R., Fan, X., Zeng, H., and Ellis, C. S. (2000). Power aware page allocation. In Proceedings of the 9th international Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASP-LOS IX), pages 105–116.

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, K., Kumpf, R., Horton, P., and Anderson, T. (1994). A quantitative analysis of disk drive power management in portable computers. In Proceedings of the 1994 Winter USENIX Conference, pages 279–291.

    Google Scholar 

  • Litzkow, M. J. and Solomon, M. (1992). Supporting Checkpoint and Process Migration Outside the UNIX Kernel. In Usenix Conference Proceedings, pages 283–290, San Francisco, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinheiro, E. and Bianchini, R. (December 1999). Nomad: A scalable operating system for clusters of uni and multiprocessors. In Proceedings of the 1st IEEE International Workshop on Cluster Computing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinheiro, E., Bianchini, R., Carrera, E. V., and Heath, T. (2001a). Load Balancing and Unbalancing for Power and Performance in Cluster-Based Systems. Technical Report DCS-TR-440, Department of Computer Science, Rutgers University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinheiro, E., Bianchini, R., Carrera, E. V., and Heath, T. (2001b). Load Balancing and Unbalancing for Power and Performance in Cluster-Based Systems. In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Compilers and Operating Systems for Low Power.

    Google Scholar 

  • RLX Technologies (2001). Serverblade. http://www.rlxtechnologies.com/.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rudenko, A., Reiher, P., Popek, G. J., and Kuenning, G. H. (1998). Saving portable computer battery power through remote process execution. Mobile Computing and Communications Review, 2(1):19–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skadron, K., Stan, M., and Abdelzaher, T. (February 2002). Control-theoretic techniques and thermal-rc modeling for accurate and localized dynamic thermal management. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Renesse, R., Birman, K., Hayden, M., Vaysburd, A., and Karr, D. (1998). Building adaptive systems using Ensemble. Software Practice and Experience, 28(9):963–979.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vijaykrishnan, N., Kandemir, M., Irwin, M., Kim, H., and Ye, W. (2000). Energy-driven integrated hardware-software optimizations using SimplePower. In Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture, pages 95–106.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weiser, M., Welch, B., Demers, A., and Shenker, S. (1994). Scheduling for reduced cpu energy. In Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Operating System Design and Implementation.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Pinheiro, E., Bianchini, R., Carrera, E.V., Heath, T. (2003). Dynamic Cluster Reconfiguration for Power and Performance. In: Benini, L., Kandemir, M., Ramanujam, J. (eds) Compilers and Operating Systems for Low Power. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9292-5_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9292-5_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-4879-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-9292-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics