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Catabolite Repression and Physiological Control

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Virulence and Gene Regulation

Abstract

When confronted with a mixture of potential carbon sources at sufficiently high concentrations, many bacterial species often assimilate the different compounds in an ordered fashion, so that expression of the pathway for the assimilation of the non-preferred substrate remains inhibited until the preferred one is consumed. Pseudomonads are no exception to this. This phenomenon is, at least at first sight, similar to the “catabolite repression” control initially described in Escherichia coli for the hierarchi cal assimilation of sugars39. Catabolite repression has been studied mainly in E. itcoli and Bacillus subtilis, where it was found to be the consequence of a complex global regulatory response. In E. coli, the transport of glucose by the phosphotransferase sugar transport system (PTS) is coupled to its phosphorylation, a process that activates mechanisms to impede the import of other sugars32, 55. This process, named inducer exclusion, prevents expression of the catabolic pathways for other alternative sugars by lowering the intracellular concentration of the corresponding inducer. When glucose is consumed the levels of cAMP increase to levels that allow its binding to the cAMP receptor protein (CRP). The cAMP-CRP protein can then bind to a large number of promoters, where it acts as a transcriptional activator or repressor32,55. Many of the activated promoters correspond to catabolic pathways for other alternative sugars. A protein called Cra also regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates in E. coli.

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  1. Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain

    Fernando Rojo & M. Alejandro Dinamarca

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  1. Fernando Rojo
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  1. CSIC, Granada, Spain

    Juan-Luis Ramos

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Rojo, F., Alejandro Dinamarca, M. (2004). Catabolite Repression and Physiological Control. In: Ramos, JL. (eds) Virulence and Gene Regulation. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9084-6_13

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