Abstract
Bladder instability, characterized by spontaneous insuppressible increases in intravesical pressure during bladder filling, and leading to the symptoms of urgency, frequency, nocturia and urge incontinence, may occur idiopathically or be associated with outflow obstructions or various forms of neuropathy. The fact that the signs and symptoms of this lower urinary tract dysfunction are so similar, regardless of the etiology, strongly suggests that there are common causative changes underlying bladder instability.
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Brading, A.F., Symes, S. (2003). Ischemia as an Etiological Factor in Bladder Instability: Implications for Therapy. In: Atala, A., Slade, D. (eds) Bladder Disease, Part A. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8889-8_18
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8889-8_18
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