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Normal Modes

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Computational Ocean Acoustics

Part of the book series: Modern Acoustics and Signal Processing ((MASP))

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Abstract

Normal-mode methods have been used for many years in underwater acoustics. An early and widely cited reference is due to Pekeris [1], who developed the theory for a simple two-layer model of the ocean. At about the same time Ide et al. [2] had been using normal modes to interpret propagation in the Potomac River and Chesapeake Bay. Progress in the development of normal-mode methods is presented in an excellent summary given by Williams [3]. Numerical techniques now exist which can treat problems with an arbitrary number of fluid and viscoelastic layers.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. NATO Undersea Research Centre, Viale San Bartolomeo 400, La Spezia, 19126, Italy

    Finn B. Jensen

  2. Marine Physical Lab., Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Mail Code 0205 Gilman Dr. 9500, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0238, USA

    William A. Kuperman

  3. Heat, Light, and Sound Research, Inc., 3366 North Torrey Pines Court, Suite 310, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA

    Michael B. Porter

  4. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Massachusetts Avenue 77, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    Henrik Schmidt

Authors
  1. Finn B. Jensen
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  2. William A. Kuperman
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  3. Michael B. Porter
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  4. Henrik Schmidt
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Correspondence to Finn B. Jensen .

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Jensen, F.B., Kuperman, W.A., Porter, M.B., Schmidt, H. (2011). Normal Modes. In: Computational Ocean Acoustics. Modern Acoustics and Signal Processing. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8678-8_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8678-8_5

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