Abstract
The major function of the lung is gas exchange. The movement of both oxygen and carbon dioxide across the blood-gas barrier is by simple diffusion. This process is optimized by the large alveolar surface area, the close proximity of the alveolar and pulmonary capillary membranes, and the lack of any significant amount of fluid in the alveolar space. The relative dryness of the alveolar space is thought to be the result of: (1) the low permeability of the alveolar epithelium to both electrolytes and plasma proteins; (2) the presence of pulmonary surfactant, which lowers the surface tension of the blood-gas interface; and (3) the ability of alveolar epithelial cells to actively transport sodium ions from the alveolar to the basolateral spaces1.
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© 1998 Plenum Press, New York
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Zhu, S., Manuel, M., Haddad, I., Matalon, S. (1998). Mechanisms of Nitric Oxide Induced Injury to the Alveolar Epithelium. In: Matalon, S., Sznajder, J.L. (eds) Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. NATO ASI Series, vol 297. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8634-4_44
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8634-4_44
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