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The Role of the Oocyte in Remodeling of Male Chromatin and DNA Repair: Are Events During the Zygotic Cell Cycle of Relevance to ART?

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Biennial Review of Infertility

Abstract

Transmission of male genetic material through highly differentiated and specialized sperm cells is a highly dynamic process, in which the zygote plays a major role. Chromatin remodeling and DNA repair are involved, both during spermatid nuclear elongation and after gamete fusion at chromatin remodeling from a protamine dominated towards a nucleosomal chromatin state. Roles for DNA repair are further envisaged for zygotic G1 and S-phases, with an active role of the maternal complement toward the male PN. In this chapter, findings from mainly the mouse, extending into paternal DNA demethylation in the zygote, have been integrated. Although biological insight into the roles of the oocyte toward chromatin of the sperm cell is developing, there is a gap between the current knowledge for mouse and the observations made on human sperm DNA and chromatin, fertilization efficiency (after IVF and ICSI), and the subsequent zygote and cleavage stage development of human embryos. In part, this is due to the use of normal mouse sperm for research, whereas in male factor infertility, the fraction of normal gametes can be sharply reduced. On the other hand, human oocytes will not be homogeneous in chromatin remodeling and DNA repair capacity. Nevertheless, there are enough experimental data in transmission biology to make a plea for more careful monitoring of DNA and chromatin in ART children and adults.

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Acknowledgments

Godfried van der Heijden is thanked for comments on the setup of this chapter and Marieke de Vries for final comments and checking the text.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Liliana Ramos

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  1. Liliana Ramos
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  2. Peter de Boer
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Correspondence to Liliana Ramos .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Brigham & Women's Hospital, Dept. Obstetrics & Gynecology, Harvard Medical School, Francis St. 75, Boston, 02115, Massachusetts, USA

    Catherine Racowsky

  2. Weill Cornell Medical Center, Dept. Urology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, East 68th St. 525, New York, 10021, New York, USA

    Peter N. Schlegel

  3. , Department of Reproductive Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, Utrecht, 3508 GA, Netherlands

    Bart C. Fauser

  4. Departments of Surgery (Urology), Obstetrics & Gynecology & Physiology, Andrology and IVF Laboratories, Arapeen Dr. 675, Salt Lake City, 84108, Utah, USA

    Douglas T. Carrell

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Ramos, L., de Boer, P. (2011). The Role of the Oocyte in Remodeling of Male Chromatin and DNA Repair: Are Events During the Zygotic Cell Cycle of Relevance to ART?. In: Racowsky, C., Schlegel, P., Fauser, B., Carrell, D. (eds) Biennial Review of Infertility. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8456-2_16

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