Abstract
This chapter summarizes the information about the transcriptional regulation of histidine decarboxylase (HDC), which is the catabolic enzyme of histamine synthesis, and the activity of histamine in vivo as clarified using HDC gene deficient mice (HDC-KO). The research of the regulatory mechanism of histamine synthesis has been focused on transcriptional and posttranslational aspects. The generation of HDC-KO mice clarified several new pathophysiological functions of histamine. It is now recognized that the activity of histamine is not limited to allergic, peptic and neurological functions as in the old paradigm, but extends to other fields such as cardiology, immunology and infectious diseases. Therefore, this chapter will focus on these newly revealed functions of histamine. For example, histamine was known to be involved in the effector phase of allergic responses, but a role has now been shown in the sensitization phases and in innate immunity. In the allergic bronchial asthma model using HDC-KO mice it was found that histamine positively controls eosinophilia, but not bronchial hypersensitivity. The effect on eosinophils was afterwards shown to be mediated through the activity of the histamine H4 receptor. The recent advances in the understanding of histamine synthesis and the activity of HDC have dramatically expanded our understanding of the scope of histamine function.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Dale HH, Laidlaw PP. The physiological action of beta-iminazolylethylamine. J Physiol 1910; 41(5):318–344.
Dale HH, Laidlaw PP. Further observations on the action of beta-iminazolylethylamine. J Physiol 1911; 43(2):182–195.
Moya-Garcia AA, Medina MA, Sanchez-Jimenez F. Mammalian histidine decarboxylase: from structure to function. Bioessays 2005; 27(1):57–63.
Suzuki-Ishigaki S, Numayama-Tsuruta K, Kuramasu A et al. The mouse l-histidine decarboxylase gene: structure and transcriptional regulation by CpG methylation in the promoter region. Nucleic Acids Res 2000; 28(14):2627–2633.
Kuramasu A, Saito H, Suzuki S et al. Mast cell-/basophil-specific transcriptional regulation of human l-histidine decarboxylase gene by CpG methylation in the promoter region. J Biol Chem 1998; 273(47):31607–31614.
Fleming JV, Fajardo I, Langlois MR et al. The C-terminus of rat l-histidine decarboxylase specifically inhibits enzymic activity and disrupts pyridoxal phosphate-dependent interactions with l-histidine substrate analogues. Biochem J 2004; 381(Pt 3):769–778.
Olmo MT, Urdiales JL, Pegg AE et al. In vitro study of proteolytic degradation of rat histidine decarboxylase. Eur J Biochem 2000; 267(5):1527–1531.
Furuta K, Nakayama K, Sugimoto Y et al. Activation of histidine decarboxylase through posttranslational cleavage by caspase-9 in a mouse mastocytoma P-815. J Biol Chem 2007; 282(18):13438–13446.
Zhang Z, Hocker M, Koh TJ et al. The human histidine decarboxylase promoter is regulated by gastrin and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate through a downstream cis-acting element. J Biol Chem 1996; 271(24):14188–14197.
Hocker M, Henihan RJ, Rosewicz S et al. Gastrin and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate regulate the human histidine decarboxylase promoter through Raf-dependent activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-related signaling pathways in gastric cancer cells. J Biol Chem 1997; 272(43):27015–27024.
Hocker M, Zhang Z, Fenstermacher DA et al. Rat histidine decarboxylase promoter is regulated by gastrin through a protein kinase C pathway. Am J Physiol 1996; 270(4 Pt 1):G619–G633.
Ohgoh M, Yamamoto J, Kawata M et al. Enhanced expression of the mouse l-histidine decarboxylase gene with a combination of dexamethasone and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1993; 196(3):1113–1119.
Hocker M, Rosenberg I, Xavier R et al. Oxidative stress activates the human histidine decarboxylase promoter in AGS gastric cancer cells. J Biol Chem 1998; 273(36):23046–23054.
Pacilio M, Debili N, Arnould A et al. Thrombopoietin induces histidine decarboxylase gene expression in c-mpl transfected UT7 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 285(5):1095–1101.
Fukui H, Fujimoto K, Mizuguchi H et al. Molecular cloning of the human histamine H1 receptor gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1994; 201(2):894–901.
Gantz I, Munzert G, Tashiro T et al. Molecular cloning of the human histamine H2 receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1991; 178(3):1386–1392.
Lovenberg TW, Roland BL, Wilson SJ et al. Cloning and functional expression of the human histamine H3 receptor. Mol Pharmacol 1999; 55(6):1101–1107.
Oda T, Morikawa N, Saito Y et al. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel type of histamine receptor preferentially expressed in leukocytes. J Biol Chem 2000; 275(47):36781–36786.
Huang JF, Thurmond RL. The new biology of histamine receptors. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2008; 8(1):21–27.
Taguchi Y, Watanabe T, Kubota H et al. Purification of histidine decarboxylase from the liver of fetal rats and its immunochemical and immunohistochemical characterization. J Biol Chem 1984; 259(8):5214–5221.
Martin SA, Bishop JO. Purification and characterization of histidine decarboxylase from mouse kidney. Biochem J 1986; 234(2):349–354.
Joseph DR, Sullivan PM, Wang YM et al. Characterization and expression of the complementary DNA encoding rat histidine decarboxylase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990; 87(2):733–737.
Yatsunami K, Tsuchikawa M, Kamada M et al. Comparative studies of human recombinant 74-and 54-kDa l-histidine decarboxylases. J Biol Chem 1995; 270(51):30813–30817.
Fleming JV, Wang TC. The production of 53-55-kDa isoforms is not required for rat l-histidine decarboxylase activity. J Biol Chem 2003; 278(1):686–694.
Yatsunami K, Ohtsu H, Tsuchikawa M et al. Structure of the l-histidine decarboxylase gene. J Biol Chem 1994; 269(2):1554–1559.
Ai W, Liu Y, Langlois M et al. Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) represses histidine decarboxylase gene expression through an upstream Sp1 site and downstream gastrin responsive elements. J Biol Chem 2004; 279(10):8684–8693.
Ohtsu H, Kuramasu A, Suzuki S et al. Histidine decarboxylase expression in mouse mast cell line P815 is induced by mouse peritoneal cavity incubation. J Biol Chem 1996; 271(45):28439–28444.
Ai W, Zheng H, Yang X et al. Tip60 functions as a potential corepressor of KLF4 in regulation of HDC promoter activity. Nucleic Acids Res. 2007; 35(18):6137–6149.
Norlen P, Ericsson P, Kitano M et al. The vagus regulates histamine mobilization from rat stomach ECL cells by controlling their sensitivity to gastrin. J Physiol 2005; 564(Pt 3):895–905.
Prinz C, Zanner R, Gratzl M. Physiology of gastric enterochromaffin-like cells. Annu Rev Physiol 2003; 65:371–382.
Tanaka S, Hamada K, Yamada N et al. Gastric acid secretion in l-histidine decarboxylase-deficient mice. Gastroenterology 2002; 122(1):145–155.
Jeong HJ, Moon PD, Kim SJ et al. Activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 regulates human histidine decarboxylase expression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2009; 66(7):1309–1319.
Ohtsu H, Tanaka S, Terui T et al. Mice lacking histidine decarboxylase exhibit abnormal mast cells. FEBS Lett 2001; 502(1–2):53–56.
Hirasawa N, Ohtsu H, Watanabe T et al. Enhancement of neutrophil infiltration in histidine decarboxylase-deficient mice. Immunology 2002; 107(2):217–221.
Koarai A, Ichinose M, Ishigaki-Suzuki S et al. Disruption of l-histidine decarboxylase reduces airway eosinophilia but not hyperresponsiveness. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003; 167(5):758–763.
Makabe-Kobayashi Y, Hori Y, Adachi T et al. The control effect of histamine on body temperature and respiratory function in IgE-dependent systemic anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002; 110(2):298–303.
Parmentier R, Ohtsu H, Djebbara-Hannas Z et al. Anatomical, physiological and pharmacological characteristics of histidine decarboxylase knock-out mice: evidence for the role of brain histamine in behavioral and sleep-wake control. J Neurosci 2002; 22(17):7695–7711.
Dere E, De Souza-Silva MA, Spieler RE et al. Changes in motoric, exploratory and emotional behaviours and neuronal acetylcholine content and 5-HT turnover in histidine decarboxylase-KO mice. Eur J Neurosci 2004; 20(4):1051–1058.
Jutel M, Watanabe T, Klunker S et al. Histamine regulates T-cell and antibody responses by differential expression of H1 and H2 receptors. Nature 2001; 413(6854):420–425.
Pedotti R, De Voss JJ, Steinman L et al. Involvement of both ‘allergic’ and ‘autoimmune’ mechanisms in EAE, MS and other autoimmune diseases. Trends Immunol 2003; 24(9):479–484.
Gutzmer R, Diestel C, Mommert S et al. Histamine H4 receptor stimulation suppresses IL-12p70 production and mediates chemotaxis in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. J Immunol 2005; 174(9):5224–5232.
Damaj BB, Becerra CB, Esber HJ et al. Functional expression of H4 histamine receptor in human natural killer cells, monocytes and dendritic cells. J Immunol 2007; 179(11):7907–7915.
Leite-de-Moraes MC, Diem S, Michel ML et al. Cutting edge: Histamine receptor H4 activation positively regulates in vivo IL-4 and IFN-gamma production by invariant NKT cells. J Immunol 2009; 182(3):1233–1236.
Numata Y, Terui T, Okuyama R et al. The accelerating effect of histamine on the cutaneous wound-healing process through the action of basic fibroblast growth factor. J Invest Dermatol 2006; 126(6):1403–1409.
Willadsen P, Wood GM, Riding GA. The relation between skin histamine concentration, histamine sensitivity and the resistance of cattle to the tick, Boophilus microplus. Z Parasitenkd 1979; 59(1):87–93.
Hirokawa K, Aoki N. Up-regulation of thrombomodulin by activation of histamine H1-receptors in human umbilical-vein endothelial cells in vitro. Biochem J 1991; 276(Pt 3):739–743.
Beghdadi W, Porcherie A, Schneider BS et al. Inhibition of histamine-mediated signaling confers significant protection against severe malaria in mouse models of disease. J Exp Med 2008; 205(2):395–408.
Andou A, Hisamatsu T, Okamoto S et al. Dietary histidine ameliorates murine colitis by inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production from macrophages. Gastroenterology 2009; 136(2):564–574 e562.
White MV. The role of histamine in allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1990; 86(4 Pt 2):599–605.
Gutzmer R, Langer K, Lisewski M et al. Expression and function of histamine receptors 1 and 2 on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002; 109(3):524–531.
Caron G, Delneste Y, Roelandts E et al. Histamine polarizes human dendritic cells into Th2 cell-promoting effector dendritic cells. J Immunol 2001; 167(7):3682–3686.
Mazzoni A, Young HA, Spitzer JH et al. Histamine regulates cytokine production in maturing dendritic cells, resulting in altered T-cell polarization. J Clin Invest 2001; 108(12): 1865–1873.
Elenkov IJ, Webster E, Papanicolaou DA et al. Histamine potently suppresses human IL-12 and stimulates IL-10 production via H2 receptors. J Immunol 1998; 161(5):2586–2593.
van der Pouw Kraan TC, Snijders A, Boeije LC et al. Histamine inhibits the production of interleukin-12 through interaction with H2 receptors. J Clin Invest 1998; 102(10):1866–1873.
Dunford PJ, O’Donnell N, Riley JP et al. The histamine H4 receptor mediates allergic airway inflammation by regulating the activation of CD4+ T-cells. J Immunol 2006; 176(11):7062–7070.
O’Reilly M, Alpert R, Jenkinson S et al. Identification of a histamine H4 receptor on human eosinophils—role in eosinophil chemotaxis. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2002; 22(1–4):431–448.
Siraganian RP. Biochemical events in basophil/mast cell activation and medicator release. In: Adkinson NFJea, ed. Middleton’s Allergy. Philadelphia: Mosby; 2003:243–276.
Ishizaka T, Ishizaka K. Activation of mast cells for mediator release through IgE receptors. Prog Allergy 1984; 34:188–235.
Ott VL, Cambier JC. Activating and inhibitory signaling in mast cells: new opportunities for therapeutic intervention? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000; 106(3):429–440.
Kinet JP. The high-affinity receptor for IgE. Curr Opin Immunol 1989; 2(4):499–505.
Kaneko M, Schimming A, Gleich GJ et al. Ligation of IgE receptors causes an anaphylactic response and neutrophil infiltration but does not induce eosinophilic inflammation in mice. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000; 105(6 Pt 1):1202–1210.
Nagai H, Abe T, Yamaguchi I et al. Role of mast cells in the onset of IgE-mediated late-phase cutaneous response in mice. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000; 106(1 Pt 2):S91–S98.
Higuchi S, Tanimoto A, Arima N et al. Effects of histamine and interleukin-4 synthesized in arterial intima on phagocytosis by monocytes/macrophages in relation to atherosclerosis. FEBS Lett 2001; 505(2):217–222.
Miyazawa N, Watanabe S, Matsuda A et al. Role of histamine H1 and H2 receptor antagonists in the prevention of intimal thickening. Eur J Pharmacol 1998; 362(1):53–59.
Sasaguri Y, Wang KY, Tanimoto A et al. Role of histamine produced by bone marrow-derived vascular cells in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Circ Res 2005; 96(9):974–981.
Corbel S, Schneider E, Lemoine FM et al. Murine hematopoietic progenitors are capable of both histamine synthesis and uptake. Blood 1995; 86(2):531–539.
Ohtsu H, Kuramasu A, Tanaka S et al. Plasma extravasation induced by dietary supplemented histamine in histamine-free mice. Eur J Immunol 2002; 32(6): 1698–1708.
Schneider E, Machavoine F, Pleau JM et al. Organic cation transporter 3 modulates murine basophil functions by controlling intracellular histamine levels. J Exp Med 2005; 202(3):387–393.
Travis ER, Wang YM, Michael DJ et al. Differential quantal release of histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine from mast cells of vesicular monoamine transporter 2 knockout mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000; 97(1):162–167.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Landes Bioscience and Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ohtsu, H. (2010). Histamine Synthesis and Lessons Learned from Histidine Decarboxylase Deficient Mice. In: Thurmond, R.L. (eds) Histamine in Inflammation. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 709. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8056-4_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8056-4_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-8055-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-8056-4
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)