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Fractionation of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins for Bioactivity Assessment

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The Biological Activity of Phytochemicals

Part of the book series: Recent Advances in Phytochemistry ((RAPT,volume 41))

Abstract

Grape seed extract (GSE) is rich in flavonoids, particularly proanthocyanidins (PAs). PAs and their monomers are strong antioxidants and have been ascribed a number of potential activities beneficial to health, including protection against cancers, cardiovascular disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. However, little is known about the chemical nature and the concentration of bioactive polyphenols to which the body is exposed after ingestion of GSE. This chapter summarizes recent advances in fractionation techniques for PAs, including work from our laboratory on fractionation of GSE in quantities sufficient for analysis of its protective effects in whole animal models of Alzheimer’s disease. Several techniques, ranging from fractionation using liquid–liquid extraction to separation on Toyopearl resin and normal-phase HPLC, have been optimized to separate and purify monomeric, oligomeric, and polymeric PAs from GSE. The extraction and separation efficiencies of the various techniques are discussed.

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Acknowledgments

We thank David Huhman for assistance with mass spectrometry analysis. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (award # 1 PO1 AT004511) and the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA

    Vaishali Sharma, Chungfen Zhang & Richard A. Dixon

  2. Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, 10029, USA

    Giulio M. Pasinetti

Authors
  1. Vaishali Sharma
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  2. Chungfen Zhang
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  3. Giulio M. Pasinetti
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  4. Richard A. Dixon
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Correspondence to Richard A. Dixon .

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  1. , Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, P.O. Box 646340, Pullman, 99164-6340, USA

    David R. Gang

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Sharma, V., Zhang, C., Pasinetti, G.M., Dixon, R.A. (2011). Fractionation of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins for Bioactivity Assessment. In: Gang, D. (eds) The Biological Activity of Phytochemicals. Recent Advances in Phytochemistry, vol 41. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7299-6_3

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