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Obesity–Hypertension: Leptin as the Common Link to Cardiovascular and Renal Dysregulation

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Molecular Defects in Cardiovascular Disease

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Abstract

Leptin is a 16-kDa peptide hormone that is primarily synthesized and secreted by adipose tissue. One of the major actions of this hormone is the control of energy balance by binding to receptors in the hypothalamus, leading to reduction in food intake, elevation in temperature, and energy expenditure. In addition, increasing evidence suggests that leptin, through both direct and indirect mechanisms, may play an important role in cardiovascular and renal regulation. While the relevance of endogenous leptin needs further clarification, it appears to function as a pressure and volume-regulating factor under conditions of health. However, in abnormal situations characterized by chronic hyperleptinemia such as obesity, it may function pathophysiologically for the development of hypertension and possibly also for direct renal, vascular, and cardiac damage.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to acknowledge the expert technical assistance Jeffrey Montalbano. Supported in part by the Veteran Affairs Research Program (Merit Review), the Joseph C. Georg Research Award, and the Hendricks Research Award.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA

    Shilpa Kshatriya, Hani Kozman, Danish Siddiqui, Luna Bhatta, Kan Liu, Ali Salah, Timothy Ford, Robert Michiel, Robert Carhart & Daniel Villarreal

  2. Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Syracuse, NY, USA

    Hani Kozman, Danish Siddiqui, Luna Bhatta, Kan Liu, Ali Salah, Timothy Ford, Robert Michiel & Daniel Villarreal

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  1. Shilpa Kshatriya
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  2. Hani Kozman
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Correspondence to Daniel Villarreal .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. St. Boniface General Hospital, Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Tache Avenue 351, Winnipeg, R2H 2A6, Manitoba, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla

  2. Jikei University School of Medicine, Shibuya-ku, Ebisu 3-31-6, Tokyo, 150-0013, Japan

    Makoto Nagano

  3. Czech Republic, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the, Videnska 1083, Prague, 142 20, Czech Republic

    Bohuslav Ostadal

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Kshatriya, S. et al. (2011). Obesity–Hypertension: Leptin as the Common Link to Cardiovascular and Renal Dysregulation. In: Dhalla, N., Nagano, M., Ostadal, B. (eds) Molecular Defects in Cardiovascular Disease. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7130-2_25

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