Lotka–Volterra System with Volterra Multiplier

Abstract

With the aid of Volterra multiplier, we study ecological equations for both tree system and cycle system. We obtain a set of sufficient conditions for the ultimate boundedness to nonautonomous n-dimensional Lotka–Volterra tree systems with continuous time delay. The criteria are applicable to cooperative model, competition model, and predator–prey model. As to cycle system, we consider a three-dimensional predator–prey Lotka–Volterra system. In order to get a condition under which the system is globally asymptotic stable, we obtain a Volterra multiplier, so that in a parameter region the system is with the Volterra multiplier it is globally stable. We have also proved that in regions in which the condition is not satisfied, the system is unstable or at least it is not globally stable. Therefore, we say that the three-dimensional cycle system is with global bifurcation.