Abstract
Asthma can significantly affect pregnancy outcomes if not well-controlled. The National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (1) emphasizes that maintaining optimal control of asthma during pregnancy is important for the health and well-being of both the mother and her baby. Since asthma has a variable course during pregnancy, it is important to monitor closely to make adjustments in therapy. Pregnant women may be ambivalent about taking medications during pregnancy due to concerns about adverse effects on the fetus; however, the epidemiologic evidence is extremely strong in favor of using medications for asthma control.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
NAEPP expert panel report. Managing asthma during pregnancy: recommendations for pharmacologic treatment-2004 update. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005;115(1):34–46.
Blais L, Forget A. Asthma exacerbations during the first trimester of pregnancy and the risk of congenital malformations among asthmatic women. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;121(6):1379–84, 84 e1.
Kwon HL, Belanger K, Bracken MB. Asthma prevalence among pregnant and childbearing-aged women in the United States: estimates from national health surveys. Ann Epidemiol. 2003;13(5):317–24.
Kwon HL, Triche EW, Belanger K, Bracken MB. The epidemiology of asthma during pregnancy: prevalence, diagnosis, and symptoms. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2006;26(1):29–62.
Grubbs S, Brundage SC. Preconception management of chronic diseases. J S  C Med Assoc. 2002;98(6):270–6.
D’Angelo D, Williams L, Morrow B, et al. Preconception and interconception health status of women who recently gave birth to a live-born infant--Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), United States, 26 reporting areas, 2004. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2007;56(10):1–35.
Cragan JD, Friedman JM, Holmes LB, et al. Ensuring the safe and effective use of medications during pregnancy: planning and prevention through preconception care. Matern Child Health J. 2006;10(5 Suppl):S129–35.
Nettleman MD, Brewer J, Stafford M. Scheduling the first prenatal visit: office-based delays. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;203(3):207 e1–3.
Dombrowski MP, Schatz M. ACOG practice bulletin: clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists number 90, February 2008: asthma in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2008;111(2 Pt 1):457–64.
Hanania NA, Belfort MA. Acute asthma in pregnancy. Crit Care Med. 2005;33(10 Suppl):S319–24.
Carroll KN, Griffin MR, Gebretsadik T, et al. Racial differences in asthma morbidity during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2005;106(1):66–72.
Chung KD, Demissie K, Rhoads GG. Asthma in pregnancy--its relationship with race, insurance, maternal education, and prenatal care utilization. J Natl Med Assoc. 2004;96(11):1414–21.
Nelson-Piercy C, Waldron M, Moore-Gillon J. Respiratory disease in pregnancy. Br J Hosp Med. 1994;51(8):398–401.
Hardy-Fairbanks AJ, Baker ER. Asthma in pregnancy: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2010;37(2):159–72.
Carlin A, Alfirevic Z. Physiological changes of pregnancy and monitoring. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2008;22(5):801–23.
Simon PM, Schwartzstein RM, Weiss JW, et al. Distinguishable types of dyspnea in patients with shortness of breath. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990;142(5):1009–14.
Gilbert R, Auchincloss JH, Jr. Dyspnea of pregnancy. Clinical and physiological observations. Am J Med Sci. 1966;252(3):270–6.
Urbano FL. Review of the NAEPP 2007 Expert Panel Report (EPR-3) on Asthma Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines. J Manag Care Pharm. 2008;14(1):41–9.
Bidad K, Heidarnazhad H, Pourpak Z, et al. Frequency of asthma as the cause of dyspnea in pregnancy. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2010;111:140–3.
Schatz M, Dombrowski MP. Clinical practice. Asthma in pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(18):1862–9.
Smith HE, Hogger C, Lallemant C, et al. Is structured allergy history sufficient when assessing patients with asthma and rhinitis in general practice? J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009;123(3):646–50.
Blais L, Kettani FZ, Elftouh N, Forget A. Effect of maternal asthma on the risk of specific congenital malformations: A population-based cohort study. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2010;88(4):216–22.
Murphy VE, Clifton VL, Gibson PG. Asthma exacerbations during pregnancy: incidence and association with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Thorax. 2006;61(2):169–76.
Dombrowski MP. Asthma and pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;108(3 Pt 1):667–81.
Dombrowski MP, Schatz M. Asthma in pregnancy. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2010;53(2):301–10.
Bakhireva LN, Schatz M, Jones KL, Chambers CD. Asthma control during pregnancy and the risk of preterm delivery or impaired fetal growth. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2008;101(2):137–43.
Wendel PJ, Ramin SM, Barnett-Hamm C, et al. Asthma treatment in pregnancy: a randomized controlled study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1996;175(1):150–4.
Kircher S, Schatz M, Long L. Variables affecting asthma course during pregnancy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2002;89(5):463–6.
Schatz M, Dombrowski MP, Wise R, et al. Asthma morbidity during pregnancy can be predicted by severity classification. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003;112(2):283–8.
Schatz M, Harden K, Forsythe A, et al. The course of asthma during pregnancy, post partum, and with successive pregnancies: a prospective analysis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1988;81(3):509–17.
Kroegel C. [Global Initiative for Asthma Management and Prevention--GINA 2006]. Pneumologie. 2007;61(5):295–304.
Belanger K, Hellenbrand ME, Holford TR, Bracken M. Effect of pregnancy on maternal asthma symptoms and medication use. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;115(3):559–67.
Schatz M, Dombrowski MP, Wise R, et al. Spirometry is related to perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with asthma. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006;194(1):120–6.
Murphy VE, Gibson PG, Talbot PI, et al. Asthma self-management skills and the use of asthma Âeducation during pregnancy. Eur Respir J. 2005;26(3):435–41.
Cox L, Nelson H, Lockey R, et al. Allergen immunotherapy: a practice parameter third update. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127:S1–55.
Blais L, Beauchesne MF, Rey E, et al. Use of inhaled corticosteroids during the first trimester of pregnancy and the risk of congenital malformations among women with asthma. Thorax. 2007;62(4):320–8.
Louik C, Schatz M, Hernandez-Diaz S, et al. Asthma in pregnancy and its pharmacologic treatment. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2010;105(2):110–7.
Cydulka RK. Acute asthma during pregnancy. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2006;26(1):103–17.
Powrie RO, Larson L, Miller M. Managing asthma in expectant mothers. Treat Respir Med. 2006;5(1):1–10.
Gluck JC, Gluck PA. The effect of pregnancy on the course of asthma. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2006;26(1):63–80.
Miller AC, Safi F, Hussain S, et al. Novel influenza A(H1N1) virus among gravid admissions. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170(10):868–73.
Yates L, Pierce M, Stephens S, et al. Influenza A/H1N1v in pregnancy: an investigation of the characteristics and management of affected women and the relationship to pregnancy outcomes for mother and infant. Health Technol Assess. 2010;14(34):109–82.
Skret-Magierlo J, Florek A, Skret A, et al. Severe A/H1N1 influenza in four pregnant women in Podkarpacie Province of Poland. Ginekol Pol. 2010;81(3):227–31.
Farley MM. 2009 H1N1 influenza: a twenty-first century pandemic with roots in the early twentieth century. Am J Med Sci. 2010;340(3):202–8.
Jain S, Kamimoto L, Bramley AM, et al. Hospitalized patients with 2009 H1N1 influenza in the United States, April-June 2009. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(20):1935–44.
Einarson A, Riordan S. Smoking in pregnancy and lactation: a review of risks and cessation strategies. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2009;65(4):325–30.
Newman RB, Momirova V, Dombrowski MP, et al. The effect of active and passive household cigarette smoke exposure on pregnant women with asthma. Chest. 2010;137(3):601–8.
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Counseling and interventions to prevent tobacco use and tobacco-caused disease in adults and pregnant women: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force reaffirmation recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150(8):551–5.
Reichman NE, Nepomnyaschy L. Maternal pre-pregnancy obesity and diagnosis of asthma in offspring at age 3 years. Matern Child Health J. 2008;12(6):725–33.
Martel MJ, Rey E, Beauchesne MF, et al. Control and severity of asthma during pregnancy are associated with asthma incidence in offspring: two-stage case-control study. Eur Respir J. 2009;34(3):579–87.
Willers SM, Wijga AH, Brunekreef B, et al. Maternal food consumption during pregnancy and the longitudinal development of childhood asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008;178(2):124–31.
Karmaus W, Dobai AL, Ogbuanu I, et al. Long-term effects of breastfeeding, maternal smoking during pregnancy, and recurrent lower respiratory tract infections on asthma in children. J Asthma. 2008;45(8):688–95.
Midodzi WK, Rowe BH, Majaesic CM, et al. Early life factors associated with incidence of physician-diagnosed asthma in preschool children: results from the Canadian Early Childhood Development cohort study. J Asthma. 2010;47(1):7–13.
Cookson H, Granell R, Joinson C, et al. Mothers’ anxiety during pregnancy is associated with asthma in their children. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009;123(4):847–53 e11.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Vatti, R.R., Teuber, S.S. (2012). Asthma and Pregnancy. In: Gershwin, M., Albertson, T. (eds) Bronchial Asthma. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6836-4_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6836-4_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-6835-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-6836-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)