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Paracoccidioidomycosis

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Essentials of Clinical Mycology

Abstract

Paracoccidioidomycosis is an endemic fungal infection of pulmonary origin that disseminates to different sites, notably oral mucous membranes, adrenal glands, reticuloendothelial system, and skin. The disease tends to run a chronic course with acute cases being rare; outbreaks have not been reported. Four clinical presentations are recognized: subclinical infection, progressive disease that can be either chronic (adult-type), or acute/subacute (juvenile-type), and the residual form. This mycosis is restricted to Latin America, and has a striking male predominance. The etiologic agent is a thermally dimorphic fungus, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, which at 35–37°C assumes a yeast form characterized by a mother cell surrounded by multiple blastoconidia resembling a pilot’s wheel. At lower temperatures the fungus grows as a mould that gives rise to conidia. The organism’s microniche in nature has not yet been precisely defined. The disease can be successfully treated, but fibrotic sequelae are common.

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  1. Medical and Experimental Mycology Unit, Corporacion para Investigaciones Biologicas, Medellin, Colombia

    Angela Restrepo

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  1. Angela Restrepo
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  2. Angel Gonzalez
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  3. Carlos A. Agudelo
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  1. Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare, Professor of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 2215 Fuller Road, Ann Arbor, 48105, Michigan, USA

    Carol A. Kauffman

  2. Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1900 University Blvd., Birmingham, 35294, Alabama, USA

    Peter G. Pappas

  3. Division of Infectious Diseases, Wayne State University School of Medicin, 3990 John R Street, Detroit, 48201, Michigan, USA

    Jack D. Sobel

  4. School of Medicine, Professor Emeritus of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1530 3rd Avenue South, Birmingham, 35294, Alabama, USA

    William E. Dismukes

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Restrepo, A., Gonzalez, A., Agudelo, C.A. (2011). Paracoccidioidomycosis. In: Kauffman, C., Pappas, P., Sobel, J., Dismukes, W. (eds) Essentials of Clinical Mycology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6640-7_21

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