Abstract
The establishment of the WTO in 1995 posed a challenge for the conduct of domestic farm policies. Both the levels of support and the instruments used were constrained by the Agreement on Agriculture and other parts of the Uruguay Round Agreement. This chapter explores the experience of the period since 1995 to see to what extent the WTO commitments have shaped domestic farm policies, particularly in the United States and the European Union. This influence can come about either through the negotiated constraints on policy outcomes or through the litigation of complaints by other countries. Notifications of domestic support levels show little direct impact on US farm policy but the outcome of litigation has had some influence on policy choices. In the European Union, the reform of the CAP has been much more influenced by WTO subsidy constraints but somewhat less by litigation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Blandford, D., Josling, T. (2008), The WTO July 10th Agricultural Modalities Proposals and their Impact on Domestic Support in the EU and the US, Paper Available from Authors), July 11.
Josling, T., Swinbank, A. (2008), EU Domestic Support Notifications, Presented at the conference on Improving WTO Transparency: Shadow Domestic Support Notifications, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC, March 12.
McMahon, J.A. (2007), Trade Policy Reform through Litigation, EuroChoices, Volume 6(2), pp. 42–47.
Steinberg, R.H., Josling, T.E. (2003), When the peace ends: The vulnerability of EU and U.S. agricultural subsidies to WTO legal challenge, Journal of International Economic Law 6(2): 369–417.
Swinbank, A. (2007), WTO Challenges to Mr. Fischler’s CAP, Paper Presented at a Conference on Agricultural Policy Changes: Canada, EU and the World Trade Organization, University of Victoria, Canada, September.
Swinbank, A., Tranter, R. (2005), Decoupling EU farm support: Does the new single payment scheme fit within the green box? The Estey Centre Journal of International Law and Trade Policy 6(1): 47–61.
World Trade Organization. (1995), The Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations: The Legal Texts, WTO, Geneva.
World Trade Organization. (1997), European Communities – Regime for the Importation, Sale and Distribution of Bananas, Reports of the Panels, WT/DS27/R/USA, WT/DS27/R/ECU, WT/DS27/R/GTM, WT/DS27/R/MEX.
World Trade Organization. (1999), Canada – Measures Affecting the Importation of Milk and the Exportation of Dairy Products, WT/DS103/R and WT/DS113/R, WTO, Geneva.
World Trade Organization. (2001), Canada – Measures Affecting the Importation of Milk and the Exportation of Dairy Products, Report of the Appellate Body, WT/DS103&113/AB/RW, WTO, Geneva.
World Trade Organization. (2004a), European Communities – Export Subsidies on Sugar, Reports of the Panels, WT/DS265/R, WT/DS266/R, & WT/DS283/R, WTO, Geneva.
World Trade Organization. (2004b), United States – Subsidies on Upland Cotton, Report of the Panel, WT/DS267/R, WTO, Geneva.
World Trade Organization. (2005a), European Communities – Export Subsidies on Sugar, Report of the Appellate Body, WT/DS265/AB/R, WT/DS266/AD/R, & WT/DS283/AB/R, WTO, Geneva.
World Trade Organization. (2005b), United States – Subsidies on Upland Cotton, Reports of the Appellate Body, WT/DS265/AB/R, WT/DS266/AB/R, & WT/DS267/AB/R, WTO, Geneva.
World Trade Organization. (2008), Revised Draft Modalities for Agriculture, TN/AG/W/4/Rev.3, WTO, Geneva, 10 July.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Josling, T. (2010). WTO Compliance and Domestic Farm Policy Change. In: Ball, V., Fanfani, R., Gutierrez, L. (eds) The Economic Impact of Public Support to Agriculture. Studies in Productivity and Efficiency, vol 7. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6385-7_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6385-7_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-6384-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-6385-7
eBook Packages: Business and EconomicsEconomics and Finance (R0)